A Method of Soil Management in Walnut Orchard

Grass growing in    orchard is an advanced, practical and efficient soil management method, which is especially suitable for walnut orchards with serious soil erosion and poor soil. at the same time, it is also one of the important technical measures to produce green and pollution-free fruits. Compared with other soil management methods, growing grass in orchard has better comprehensive economic benefits. Growing grass in orchard can prevent and reduce soil water loss, increase the content of soil organic matter, improve soil fertility, improve soil physical and chemical properties, regulate soil temperature and humidity, which is beneficial to the growth and absorption of fruit tree roots. Growing grass in orchard increases the number of natural enemies of pests, thus reducing the input of pesticides and the pollution caused by pesticides. Growing grass in orchard can enhance the ability of soil drainage, facilitate mechanical operation, and prevent environmental pollution caused by wind and sand in winter and spring.

   orchard grass can be the whole orchard or banded artificial grass, or it can be natural grass to remove unsuitable species, malignant weeds and so on.

   artificial grass mainly adopts direct sowing method. The width of the grass belt between the rows of fruit trees should be determined by the row spacing and age of fruit trees. the grass belt of young orchards can be wider and that of mature orchards can be narrower. The suitable species of artificial grass are: White clover, flat stem astragalus, corngrass, Medicago ruthenica, variegated small crown flower, Kentucky bluegrass, creeping shearing glume, buffalo grass, Leymus chinensis, Zoysia grass, cattail grass, grass grass, alfalfa, hundred vein root, duck grass, ryegrass and so on. Artificial grasses can be used either with one grass species or with more than two mixed grass species. The mixture of white clover and Kentucky bluegrass is usually chosen. White clover belongs to legume, which has the ability of nitrogen fixation and can improve soil fertility; Kentucky bluegrass has early tolerance and strong adaptability, the two recommended mixed species can give play to their own advantages, and the effect is better than that of single grass species. However, the drought tolerance of white clover is poor, and the general seedling death rate of white clover in dryland orchards is more than 30%. Therefore, grass species should be selected according to the soil conditions of walnut orchard and the age of walnut trees. White clover with resistance to shade and dampness can be used in irrigation area, while Radix Astragali and Radix Astragali, which are more resistant to drought, can be selected in dry land. Grass species with good shade tolerance should be selected for growing grass in the whole garden.

   natural grass is a way to grow grass by using natural weeds in orchards. Weeds can sprout and grow during the growing season, and weeds that do not meet the conditions for growing grass can be artificially eliminated or controlled, such as gray cabbage, Qianliguang, Artemisia annua, white grass and other tall grass.

The implementation of orchard grass growing in    is an efficient method of soil management in walnut orchard, but the management must be strengthened after growing grass in order to give full play to the comprehensive benefit of orchard grass growing and achieve the goal of high yield and high quality. Therefore, after the emergence of grass seeds, we should irrigate in time according to soil moisture, apply nitrogen fertilizer with water, and remove weeds in time. When there are broken ridges and missing plants, we should pay attention to replenishing seedlings in time. In general, when the grass grows to more than 30 centimeters, it should be cut in time, cutting 2-4 times in one growing season. By mowing, the height of grass can be controlled, the branching and branching of grass can be promoted, the coverage rate and grass yield can be increased, and the cut grass can cover the tree plate. The stubble height of grass is related to the species of grass. Generally, Gramineae grass should keep its growth point (below the heart leaf), while legume grass should keep 1-2 nodes of its stem. A special lawn mower is used to cut grass. The grass that grows in autumn is no longer mowed and is covered with stubble in winter.

   should pay attention to forbidding grazing in grassy walnut orchards, painting tree trunks white or bandaging plastic film after autumn to prevent rodent damage, and paying attention to fire prevention in winter and spring. With the increase of soil fertility, the application amount of base fertilizer can be reduced gradually. Base fertilizer can be applied in non-grass belt. Implement the whole garden grass walnut orchard, you can use a spade to turn up the grass soil, after applying human fertilizer, and then put the grass soil back to the original place to compact. It is best to implement water-saving irrigation measures such as drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation in grassy orchards to prevent flooding. Avoid the grass when spraying in the orchard to protect the natural enemies in the grass. Pay attention to scraping the bark and cutting the diseased branches and leaves to clear the garden in time. In general, the grass will gradually aging after 5 years of growing grass in the orchard, so it should be renewed in time to make the land fallow for 1 year or 2 years and then sow again. In some areas, herbicide spraying and plastic film mulching are used to renew grasses.