Countermeasures and Suggestions for Promoting Agricultural Industrialization

   1. Formulate the policy system of agricultural industrialization and use policies to create a social environment, promote a new economic system, and invigorate the industrialization management mechanism. It includes the reform of property rights system, the expansion of investment and financing channels, the strengthening of technological innovation and cooperation, and the cultivation of core competitiveness. These are the core driving forces and inherent requirements for the development of industrial management. It is mainly to increase the support to the leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization, especially to the cultivation and support of private enterprises, and to clarify the preferential policies that leading enterprises can enjoy from the aspects of finance, financial credit, taxation, land, agricultural products circulation service and so on.

   2. Cultivating agricultural industrialization management system Agricultural industrialization management organization refers to agricultural enterprises, agricultural products market, agricultural products industry associations, agricultural cooperatives and all kinds of agricultural intermediary organizations that implement the integrated management of production, supply and marketing. Agricultural industrialization management system is the main body of agricultural industrialization, including industrial management organizations, agricultural production bases, suppliers, consumers or markets. This is the most basic industrialization management system, namely: "supplier (service provider) + company (industrialization management organization) + base (peasant household) + market (consumer)". We should take the cultivation of leading enterprises as the focal point for the development of agricultural industrialization management and the construction of a standardization base as the starting point for the development of agricultural industrialization management. Social services such as agricultural information, science and technology have also been gradually established and improved, and online sales have gradually taken shape.

   3. Actively cultivate and improve the market system by means of cooperative system, improve the degree of organization of farmers, break administrative divisions and ownership, industries and boundaries, develop various forms of cooperation and association across regions and industries, guide agricultural enterprise entities to adopt joint-stock cooperative system, and form integrated economic cooperative organizations with farmers or peasant economic organizations. We will encourage and support the development of various forms of farmers' specialized cooperative economic organizations and continue to expand the scope of the pilot project. In accordance with the principles of running by the people, managing by the people, and benefiting the people, we should actively and steadily develop various forms of agricultural trade associations, closely combine the transformation of government functions with strengthening the self-construction of trade associations, and give full play to the role of trade associations in industrial services and industry self-discipline. Strengthen supervision and management, make all kinds of intermediary organizations truly become the bridge and link between farmers and leading enterprises, farmers and the market, and improve the degree of organization of farmers. Actively cultivate rural market intermediary organizations, give full play to their role in communicating information, coordinating production, regulating prices, protecting farmers' interests, and protecting agricultural production to further improve market regulations and supervision system, so as to ensure the orderly operation of the market system.

   4. Organizing farmers to join the economic interest community agricultural industrialization management is not a simple addition of agricultural prenatal, mid-production and post-natal links, but the participants integrate agricultural prenatal, mid-production and post-natal links into a complete industrial system for integrated management by establishing an economic interest community of "benefit sharing and risk sharing". Whether the participants have formed an economic interest community of "benefit sharing and risk sharing" is an important symbol to measure the management of agricultural industrialization. By establishing an economic interest community of "benefit sharing and risk sharing", each participant connects the agricultural prenatal, mid-production and post-natal links together in order to pay less transaction costs and obtain more comparative benefits. Therefore, whether to save transaction costs and increase comparative benefits, that is, to achieve the capital appreciation effect of 1: 1 > 2, has become an important prerequisite for all economic stakeholders to participate in the economic community. The economic stakeholders involved in agricultural industrialization mainly include enterprises and organizations that provide agricultural materials such as machinery, improved varieties and chemical fertilizers for agricultural production before birth; enterprises and organizations engaged in cultivated land, breeding, sowing, fertilization, irrigation, harvest, prevention and control of diseases and insect pests, and enterprises and organizations engaged in the purchase, transportation, processing, warehousing and sales of agricultural products and their processed products after production. For the enterprise organizations participating in the economic interest community, on the one hand, it can reduce the transaction cost, that is, it can be used to search for the transaction object, negotiate and sign the contract, the time, energy and expenses needed to determine a reasonable price, as well as the time, energy and expenses needed to supervise the performance of the contract. On the other hand, it will also increase the organizational costs of establishing a community of economic interests and carrying out internal management and coordination.

   5. The "leading" form must be chosen in accordance with local conditions and the leading units participating in agricultural industrialization management can be processing, storage, transportation and marketing enterprises, professional professional associations, professional cooperative economic organizations, professional wholesale markets, social service organizations, and so on. As for which specific form should be adopted by the leading units, on the one hand, we need to consider the characteristics of local agricultural production and operation, on the other hand, we also need to fully consider the local economic development. When selecting and determining a specific leading unit, its advantages must also be fully considered. Generally speaking, when selecting and determining the leading unit, we should consider whether a certain form of leading position or a specific leading unit can better attract and drive the majority of farmers to connect with domestic and foreign markets with less cost and less risk. For example, in some areas where state-owned agricultural products processing, storage, transportation and marketing enterprises are well developed, we can give full play to the "leading" role of local state-owned agricultural products processing, storage, transportation and marketing enterprises, attract and organize decentralized farmers to participate in industrial management, and drive thousands of households to the market as a whole. In some areas where township enterprises such as processing, storage, transportation and marketing of agricultural products are well developed, township enterprises with certain advantages can be regarded as leading enterprises in agricultural industrialization. Specifically, which form of enterprise organization such as processing, storage, transportation and marketing as the leading position, factors such as the development and improvement of the agricultural product market, the degree of specialization and large-scale development of agricultural production, and the varieties of agricultural crystal production and management must also be taken into account. Therefore, the selection of the specific form of the leading unit can not be arbitrary, must be in line with local conditions, in line with the situation.

   6. The focus of government work is on promoting the progress of agricultural science and technology. First of all, government work should focus on major technical issues that urgently need to be solved in agricultural development, concentrate financial, human, and material resources, strengthen basic research, applied research, and high-tech research, and strive to make new breakthroughs in US-key technologies such as agricultural biotechnology, information technology, resource utilization and ecological protection technology as soon as possible. It is also necessary to extensively carry out international exchanges and cooperation in agricultural science and technology, and organize the introduction, digestion, absorption and innovation of technology in a focused and selective manner. Secondly, it is necessary to strengthen the development and popularization of applied technology, strengthen the process of industrialization of scientific and technological achievements, and promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into real productive forces. For this reason, it is necessary to speed up the construction of seed and seedling system of dried fruits such as walnut. It is necessary to consolidate and improve the agricultural technology extension system, strengthen the cooperation among agricultural socialized service organizations, actively explore effective forms and ways to speed up the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements under the condition of market economy, and innovate and improve the agricultural technology service mechanism. Third, it is necessary to speed up the reform of the agricultural science and technology system, focusing on solving the problems of fragmentation, dispersion of forces, and disconnection between scientific research and production. It is necessary to encourage innovation, competition, and cooperation among scientific research institutions to form a mechanism conducive to the rapid production of talents, quick results, and great achievements; encourage agricultural scientific research, education, and extension units to set up scientific and technological enterprises, and promote the integration of science, technology, education and the economy; encourage enterprises to invest in agricultural scientific research and participate in the transformation and popularization of scientific and technological achievements. At the same time, it is necessary to vigorously cultivate the technology market, promote the industrialization and commercialization of agricultural scientific and technological achievements, and boldly explore the organizational system and operating mechanism of the organic combination of "industry-university-research" under the condition of market economy. Fourth, it is necessary to improve the agricultural education system with higher education as the leader, vocational and technical education as the main body, and coordinated development of all kinds of education at all levels, and vigorously improve the scientific, technological and cultural quality of farmers. This is a key point to realize the progress of agricultural science and technology and change the mode of agricultural growth. Because agricultural science and technology ultimately need farmers to master and use, and turn it into realistic productive forces. If we do not change the current situation of farmers' low science, technology and culture through an effective agricultural education system, it will become empty talk to achieve the transformation of agricultural growth mode by relying on scientific and technological progress, and agricultural industrialization will lack a deep foundation.