What are the common varieties of red dates in China? Introduction to the use and characteristics of red jujube

Red jujube is widely distributed in China, with various breeding methods and a large population of red jujube varieties. according to incomplete statistics, there are more than 800 varieties of red jujube in China. At present, there are three main uses of red jujube in China: fresh food, dried jujube and processed jujube. Fresh varieties require thin pericarp, crisp and juicy flesh, sweet and sour flavor, and delicious raw food; dried varieties require thick pericarp, dense flesh, high sugar content, low water content and high drying rate; jujube varieties require large and neat fruit shape, small core, thin skin, less loose juice and low sugar content. Farmers can select seeds reasonably according to their production objectives and main uses. the following editor will introduce the ten common varieties of red jujube in our country.

1. Xinjiang Hetian jujube

Hotan jujube is produced in Hotan area of Xinjiang. Pollution-free alkaline sandy soil, abundant light and heat resources and glacier snow water resources rich in mineral elements make each Hetian jujube a crystallization of natural essence. Compared with other red dates, Hetian jujube has large fruit shape, full particles, thick pulp, thin skin and small nucleus, rich nutrition, more sweet and mellow taste. Hetian jade jujube can be called the best jujube because of its high nutrition and health value. The quality of Hetian jujube mainly depends on three aspects: first, whether the meat is thick; second, whether the taste is sweet; third, whether it is dry enough. The thicker the meat of Hetian jujube, the sweeter the taste, and the less moisture is good Hetian jujube.

2. Hebei Cangzhou Jinsi jujube

Jinsi jujube is also known as "Xihe jujube". The fruit is oblong, the pericarp is brown and red, and the flesh is green and yellow, which can pull out strands of shredded sugar, hence the name "golden jujube". Jujube has thin skin, thick meat, small nucleus, fine quality and sweet taste. It is a famous specialty of Cangzhou City, Hebei Province. According to legend, in the autumn of 1737, Emperor Qianlong went hunting in Cangzhou and passed through Xianxian County. When he saw jujube trees shaken by the roadside wind and full of fruit, he immediately beamed with delight. He came forward to pick a jujube and opened it with golden silk shining. He ate it as sweet as honey in his mouth. He said happily: "Cangzhou has been a grassy place since ancient times, but the flavor of golden jujube is very good, but is it rare?"

Then the imperial seal Cangzhou jujube garden as the royal jujube garden, from then on Cangzhou 100 mu jujube garden became the imperial jujube garden in the Qing Dynasty.

3. Shanxi Junzao

Shanxi Jun jujube originated from Linxian, the hometown of red jujube, Shanxi, which is located in the loess plateau of western Shanxi. The abundant sunshine and warm climate here make the jujube nutritious. Identified by the Institute of Biochemistry and Physics of China Forestry University, Linxian red jujube is rich in 18 kinds of amino acids, 10 vitamins and 14 trace elements. In addition, Jun jujube than other red dates, the fruit is larger, cylindrical or Obovate, there are "eight one foot"

The theory of "ten pieces per jin" is known as "the first jujube in China".

4. Shaanxi Yellow River beach jujube

The Yellow River beach jujube gets its name from the beach zone on both sides of the Yellow River basin, the scientific name "wooden jujube". It is characterized by large particles, cylindrical, sweet, soft and fragrant pulp, known as "ginseng fruit". Because the Tan jujube fruit has a small core, thin skin and thick meat, long crisp silk, juicy, sweet, sweet, high sugar content, bright red color, less moisture, long storage life and good quality. The State Ministry of Agriculture once commented on the Yellow River beach jujube that "the taste of stone honey is sweet and the color of red, mai, Zhu and cherry is everlasting".

5. Xinjiang Ruoqiang red jujube

Ruoqiang jujube is produced in Ruoqiang County, Bayinguoleng Prefecture, Xinjiang, which is known as "the first county of China". It is also known as Loulan jujube. It has a large, small core, thin skin and thick meat. Sun-dried for deep red, just under the fruit when the meat crisp jujube sweet, sun-dried meat soft and sweet, after eating fragrance. Famous for its crisp shakes and unspoiled soup for a long time, it can be called the best jujube. In addition, because it contains a lot of calories and can be used as a substitute for grain, it is often used for disaster relief in history. There are "the world red jujube to see Xinjiang, Xinjiang good jujube in Ruoqiang, if Qiang boutique is Loulan, Loulan return do not taste jujube," the laudatory name.

6. Hebei Fuping jujube

Fuping jujube is mainly produced in Dongchengpu area of Fuping County, Hebei Province. it is one of the best dry food varieties among more than 700 varieties in China. it has the characteristics of large, thin skin, thick meat, small stone, high edible rate, high sugar content and so on. Its most prominent feature is that the content of VC in the brittle ripening stage is as high as 600mg/100g, which is known as "natural vitamin pill". In addition, Fuping jujube also contains 17 kinds of amino acids, including 8 kinds of essential amino acids for human body, which has the effects of tonifying spleen and stomach, tonifying qi and promoting fluid. The cyclic adenosine monophosphate, cyclic guanosine monophosphate and catechol contained in jujube fruit have certain therapeutic effects on cardiovascular diseases and cancer.

7. Shanxi Jishan Banzao

Jishan date is mainly produced in the area of Jifeng Town, Shanxi Province. According to legend, Banzao originated in Shandong. In the past, a Jishan man named Duan Chengji was a county magistrate in Shandong Province. when he saw that the local golden jujube was very delicious, he transported the jujube tree back to his hometown in a horse-drawn carriage. Due to the reasons of soil, water and climate, a new variety-board jujube has been gradually formed. This new variety has red and bright color, thick meat and small core, sweet taste, and what is more unique is that it does not dry up for a long time, does not deform, does not give birth to worms, and is still round and flexible after drying. Raw food is sweet and crisp, and dried products are especially sweet. Banzao, as the first of the four famous dates in China, is also famous for its "big core and small seedless jujube". It has a delicate taste without residue, and has the highest sugar, vitamin and mineral content, which can be called the king of Chinese jujube.

8. Henan Xinzheng jujube

Xinzheng jujube is mainly produced in Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, also known as Jixin jujube, Jixin jujube, dark red, glossy, medium-thick pulp, its nucleus is small and dense, and has high medicinal value, so it is known as "the introduction of a hundred medicines". At the same time, it is favored by people because of its thin skin, thick meat and sweet taste, known as "Lingbao apple Tongguan pear, Xinzheng jujube sweet as honey". In addition, Xinzheng jujube has a long history. The bronze mirror of the Han Dynasty found by the people of Xinzheng is engraved with the poem "there are immortals who do not know the old, thirsty for Liquan and hungry for dates". By the Ming Dynasty, the cultivation of jujube trees in Xinzheng had formed on a considerable scale. Gao Qi, one of the top ten talents in the Ming Dynasty, left a poem saying, "there are several jujube harvests in frost days, and peeling can be used as Jiangnan japonica." It is no exaggeration to say that Xinzheng is the hometown of jujube, and jujube is the symbol of Xinzheng.

9. Shanxi Taigu kettle bottle jujube

Taigu jujube bottle jujube, mainly produced in Taigu County, Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province, is not only one of the best jujube varieties in China, but also the national geographical indication products of China. Because the fruit is small and big in shape, slightly thin in the middle, and shaped like a pot and bottle, it is called kettle jujube. It has a large fruit, leather book, thick meat and sweet flavor, so it enjoys a high reputation at home and abroad. There is a legend about jujube jujube spread among the people. Legend has it that the area around Yangyi (now near Taigu County) was an ancient battlefield, and the battle of Ma Ling between Sun Bin and Pang Juan took place here. It was autumn, and the red dates were all over the slope of Limeizhuang. Sun Bin took a fancy to the food of the soldiers who could be topped by Zaoer, adopted the plan of reducing the stove to confuse Pang Juan, and finally lured Pang into the encirclement and put him to death.

10. Henan Lingbao jujube

Lingbao jujube is mainly produced in the sandy soil along the Yellow River in Lingbao City, Henan Province, also known as Zizyphus jujuba. The fruit is large, the pericarp is deep red, the meat is thick, the core is small, the taste is sweet, with fragrance. The dried jujube is flexible, flattened and reducible, and is suitable for long-distance transportation, so it is famous all over the country. Mr. Lu Xun once praised: "the red jujube is excellent and was bought by Nanzhong Suoyuan." Cao Jinghua, a famous translator, also wrote a poem praising: "between the branches of the stubborn monkey, there is no jujube in the flat peach."

The above are the ten common varieties of red jujube in our country. As the saying goes, "if you eat jujube every day, you will not look old all your life." Red jujube is sweet and warm, rich in iron, can promote blood circulation, can tonify qi, nourish blood and calm the mind, and is an excellent tonic in cold winter.

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