Introduction of Western Pear varieties suitable for cultivation in North China

Western pear is one of the two major cultivation types of pear in the world, which is famous for its delicious fruit. Some of them also have excellent characters such as early maturity, bright color, rich vitamin C, drought resistance, scab resistance, pear planthopper resistance and so on. It has high production and breeding value. Western pear has a long history of cultivation in the north, so which varieties of western pear are suitable for cultivation in the north?

1. French varieties of three-season pears

The fruit is long and ladle-shaped, with an average single fruit weight of 323.2 grams, a vertical diameter of 11.7cm and a horizontal diameter of 8.0cm. The peel is yellowish green. Fruiting pedicel 2 cm long, thick, near fruit fleshy. The stem is shallow. Sepals persistent, closed. Calyx depression is shallow and broad. The flesh is white, softened after ripening, juicy, sweet and slightly fragrant, and the content of soluble solids is 12.7%. The fruit ripens in the first ten days of August. It can blossom three times a year and bear fruit three times a year in Beijing. The tree has medium potential, strong adaptability, drought resistance, high and stable yield.

two。 Maria Italian variety

Introduction of Gaojiao in Shunyi District, Beijing in 2001. The fruit is thick-necked and gourd-shaped, with an average single fruit weight of 201.9 grams, a vertical diameter of 9.9cm and a horizontal diameter of 6.6cm. The pericarp is yellowish green and the sun is flushed and smooth. Fruiting pedicel 3.6 cm long, medium in thickness. The puddle is absent or shallow. Sepals persistent, closed. Calyx depression shallowly broad or absent. The flesh is white, softened after ripening, juicy, sweet and delicious. The fruit ripens in the middle of August. The tree has medium potential, many branches, early fruit and high yield. Due to the short time of introduction, its adaptability needs to be further observed.

3. Zaohong Comis English variety

Planting in Daxing District, Beijing. The fruit is thick-necked and gourd-shaped, and the fruit is medium-sized, with an average weight of 190 grams per fruit. The pericarp is purplish red and smooth. Fruiting pedicel thick and short. The stem depression is small and shallow. Sepals persistent, closed. Calyx depression shallow, medium wide. The flesh is white, softened after ripening, juicy, fragrant, sweet and sour, high quality, etc. The fruit ripens in late August. The tree has medium potential, early fruit and high yield.

4. American varieties of Hongba pear

The red bud of pear pear. Shunyi District of Beijing was introduced in 1996. The fruit is thick-necked gourd-shaped, large, with an average single fruit weight of 207.5 grams, with a vertical diameter of 10.1cm and a horizontal diameter of 6.9cm. The pericarp is brownish red and the fruit surface is uneven. The fruit is small and dense. Fruiting pedicel thick, 2.8 cm long. The pulp is white and the content of soluble solids is 14.6%. About 7 days after harvest, the ripe fruit becomes soft, the pulp is easy to dissolve in the mouth, the taste is thick and sweet, and the quality is high. The fruit ripens in early September. The tree is strong and prosperous, the sprouting ability and mature skill are strong, the young tree posture is upright, and it opens after fruiting. The fruit is mainly medium and short fruit branches, and has the fruiting ability of white flowers. Flowering and fruiting early, high yield, 4 years after planting into the initial fruit stage. The high grafted tree will bear fruit in the third year.

5. Abat is originally from France.

Shunyi District of Beijing was introduced from Italy in 2001. The fruit shape is unique, slender, gourd-shaped, large, with an average single fruit weight of 274.9 grams, vertical diameter of 14.8cm, horizontal diameter of 7.3cm. The pericarp is yellowish green, red on the sunny side, thick and smooth. Fruiting pedicel 3.2 cm long, medium in thickness. There are no stem depressions and rust spots. Sepals persistent. The calyx is shallow. The flesh is white, after ripening for solute, juice, sweet taste, fragrance, small core, soluble solids content of 13.1%, high quality. The fruit ripens in early September. The tree potential is medium, the fruit is mainly short fruit branch, the branch quantity is small, the fruit is early. Strong disease resistance.

6. English variety of Conflence

One of the best pear varieties in Beijing is a big tree that has been preserved for more than 20 years. The fruit is thin-necked gourd-shaped, large, with an average single fruit weight of 255.4 grams, with a vertical diameter of 11.6cm and a horizontal diameter of 7.9cm. The pericarp is green and yellow with a reddish halo on the sunny side. The fruit surface is smooth and shiny. Fruiting pedicel 5.3 cm long, moderately thick, hypertrophic at the junction with the pulp. Sessile depression, with lip-shaped protuberances. Sepals persistent, erect and semi-open. Calyx depression shallow and wide, with wrinkled skirt. The flesh is white, the flesh is fine, compact, soft after ripening, more juice, sweet taste, aroma, small core, soluble solids content of 14.2%, excellent quality. The fruit ripens in the middle of September. The growth potential of the plant was medium, the budding ability was strong, and the high grafted tree began to bear fruit in the third year. White flower pollination has high seed setting rate, high yield and stable yield.

In fact, most of my friends may not have eaten a few kinds of western pears, but with the improvement of people's living standards, many people have begun to pay attention to them.

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