Common varieties and characteristics of leguminous vegetables

In recent years, the market of legume vegetables has been good, so many farmers choose to grow legume vegetables in spring, so there are common varieties of legume vegetables? The following is a brief introduction to a few.

1. Oil bean

In recent years, the price of oilbeans has been not low, and it is recognized that the variety of oilbeans is General a little red. General one red oil bean is a mid-precocious trailing variety with strong growth; purple flowers, green tender pods, average pod length of 20cm, pod width of 2.4cm; no fiber, fleshy noodles, excellent commercial quality, an average of 1600 kg per mu. The variety has strong disease resistance and stress resistance, has a wide range of adaptation, is not premature senescence, is resistant to storage and transportation, can be planted in spring and autumn, and can be cultivated in open field and protected field.

two。 Shelf bean

Planting beans, it is recommended to choose Thailand bean king. The variety has stable performance, high yield, disease resistance, no gluten and no fiber, green round stick-shaped pod, thick pod, pod length of more than 30 cm, good marketability, exuberant plant growth, more lateral branches, about 75 days from sowing to harvesting young pods, and a yield of 3000-4000 kg per mu, which is suitable for protected field cultivation in winter and spring and open field cultivation in autumn. The suitable distance between sowing rows and plants is 30cm to 50cm, and each hole is sown with 1mm and 2 seeds.

3. Kidney bean

At present, kidney bean varieties often planted can be divided into two categories: white kidney bean and green kidney bean. Among the varieties of white kidney bean, nine-grain white is the one with the largest planting area. The characteristic of nine white kidney beans is that they can blossom and bear pods with 2 or 3 true leaves, which can bear pods 20 days earlier than other varieties; it takes 60 days to 63 days from sowing to harvest, and the harvest time is more than half a year; the pods are 26cm long, the pods are light green and white, and generally produce 5000 kg fresh pods per mu; they have a wide range of adaptation and have strong cold, disease and heat tolerance, which can be cultivated not only in the open field, but also in the protected field.

The other is green kidney beans, whose pods are green or light green. Jiujieqing is an early-maturing variety of green kidney bean, it takes about 45 days from sowing to harvest, the plant is trailing, the growth is exuberant, the branching force is strong, the pods bear pods with main vines and lateral branches, and the continuous pod setting rate is extremely high; the pods are green, the pods are 25cm long, straight and round, the commodity is good, and the yield per mu is more than 6000 kg in protected cultivation; strong resistance to low temperature, high resistance to anthracnose, rust, blight and other diseases.

The planting area of wide flat type kidney bean in green kidney bean is also very large, in which the better varieties are double crown king, Dutch green sword and so on. The double crown variety pods are about 40 cm long and 3 cm wide, with many pods, low temperature tolerance, fast growth rate, nodes and stamens, and exuberant reproductive growth, which is suitable for planting in greenhouse and arch shed in the north.

4. Cowpea (long bean)

There are many varieties of cowpea, which can be divided into red, yellow, white and black seeds according to seed color.

At present, the largest planting area is yellow green cowpea. It is suggested that vegetable farmers choose Changlong No. 5, which is medium-ripe, trailing plants, strong growth, mainly pods on the main vine and few branches. It takes about 60 days from sowing to harvest, and the pods are 70-85 cm long. the longest can be up to 1 meter, and the yield per mu is as high as 4000 kg. It is suggested to choose Gaoyou No. 4, which is precocious, trailing, strong in growth, concentrated in pods, long in shape, 57cm in length, resistant to Fusarium wilt, strong in heat and cold resistance, and more resistant to rust in the field.

At present, white and black cowpea have been planted in part of the country, but have not yet formed a large area.

5. Planting matters needing attention

At present, there are not many varieties of legume vegetables suitable for planting in greenhouse and arch greenhouse in the north, and the yield of legume vegetables is often not high, which has a lot to do with its planting management technology. For example, legume vegetables are easy to grow in the early stage, once they flourish and grow, it is not conducive to flower bud differentiation, which will have a great impact on their yield. Shelf beans, cowpeas, oil beans grow stronger, kidney beans grow weaker, so cowpeas and oil beans should pay special attention to prevent early growth. Cowpea is weaker in resistance to continuous cropping than oil bean and kidney bean, so cowpea should not be planted in order to avoid affecting its yield.

6. How to identify the new seeds?

When identifying seeds of legumes and vegetables, you should both see and listen. Look at the seed epidermis, navel and cotyledons, the new seed epidermis is bright, the navel is white, the cotyledons are yellow-white, and the cotyledons are closely connected with the seed coat; the old seed epidermis is dark and dull, the navel is dark, the cotyledons are dark yellow or khaki, and they are easy to peel off from the seed coat. To listen is to listen to the sound of the seed, the sound of the new seed falling from the height is real and clear, and the sound of the old seed is empty when it falls from the height. Can also shake some legume seeds in the hand, listen to the crisp degree of the sound, identify its water content and germination rate, sound crisp water content is low, mostly for the loss of germination rate of old seeds, the sound is not clear and crisp germination rate is good, available.

To sum up these common legume vegetables are already being cultivated by many people in our country, and growers with ideas can choose their own varieties according to the local climate and market conditions.

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