Introduction to the Origin and Classification of Chinese Yam

Yam scientific name is yam, is a common vegetable, its tubers can be eaten, and is one of the earliest plants for human consumption. Yam is not only delicious, but also rich in nutrients, many benefits for the human body, there are spleen and stomach, salivation and lung benefits. The most important thing is that yam cultivation has a long history, origin and variety classification is also extremely rich, has been as a tribute to the dynasties. So what are the specific origins and classifications of yam? Let's get to know each other.

1. Classification according to the shape of yam underground tubers

It can be divided into three categories: long yam, round yam and flat yam:

① long yam: long yam underground tuber shape performance for long cylindrical, long for 30~100 cm, round stems on the ground, leaves smaller, leaf tips are mostly triangular, deep into the soil, suitable for deep sandy loam cultivation. As the main cultivated type of Chinese yam in China, long yam has many local varieties, which are distributed all over the country. The main varieties are Huai yam, Taigu yam, Wutongshan medicine, Fenyang yam, etc.

② flat yam: flat yam underground tuber shape is mostly manifested as a foot-like, some tubers are fan-shaped, narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, very irregular. Most of the stems on the ground have edges, leaf shape is variable, and leaf area is larger. Flat yam is mainly distributed in southern China, such as Jiangxi, Hunan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Guangxi and Fujian.

③ Round yam: The shape of the underground tuber of round yam is irregular, such as nearly elliptical, lump shape and short thick cylinder shape, about 15 cm long and about 10 cm in cross section diameter. It is also called spherical yam. The stems are rounded or angular, and the leaves are large and variable. Yam is mainly distributed in paddy field and wet soil areas in southern China, such as Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan, Hainan and Zhejiang.

2. Classification according to the cultivation type of yam

It can be divided into 2 categories: common yam and ginseng:

① Common yam: Common yam is one of the cultivated species with large planting area, and there are many varieties. The main varieties are Huai yam, Taigu yam, Wutongshan medicine, Fenyang yam and Jiaxiang fine long yam, etc.

② Ginseng: Ginseng is also known as Tianshu. Round yam mostly belongs to this kind. Tubers are large and mostly clumpy. The main varieties are Guangxi Cangwu big potato and Jiangxi Nancheng potato, etc.

3. Classification according to the length of yam growth period

It can be divided into 3 categories: early maturity yam, medium maturity yam and late maturity yam:

① Early maturity yam: early maturity yam tubers mature early, short growth period, from sowing to tuber harvest 160~170 days, generally harvested in August ~ September. The main varieties are Yancheng rabbit leg yam, Guangdong early sweet potato and Hunan early sweet potato, etc.

② Medium-ripe yam: medium-ripe yam has a moderate growth period, 180~210 days from sowing to tuber harvest, and is generally harvested and marketed in September ~ October. The main varieties are yam, Yunnan oxtail yam, Pei County water yam and Qunfeng yam, etc.

③ Late-maturing yam: late-maturing yam has a long growth period, which takes more than 220 days from sowing to tuber harvest, and is generally harvested and listed after October. The main varieties are Henan Huai yam, Taigu yam, Jiangxi Qianjin potato, Hunan late-maturing big sweet potato, foot potato and Guangxi big sweet potato, etc.

The above is an introduction to the origin and classification of yam. In general, yam price is not expensive, in the market is a popular vegetable, especially eat hot pot friends believe deep feelings. Although yam is good, but in addition to choosing the right place of origin and variety, we should also pay attention to its food taboos.

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