What kinds of water chestnut are there? Method for raising seedlings of water chestnut

Trapa natans L. is the underground fruit of herb Trapa natans L., which has certain use value. It is planted in the south of China, mainly in Taihu Lake area and Pearl River Delta. We all know that planting water chestnut should be carried out in water, so what varieties of water chestnut are there? What are the breeding methods? Let's take a look at it together with Xiaobian.

1. Introduction to varieties of water chestnut

1. Wonton Ling is produced in Suzhou, Jiangsu and Hangzhou, Zhejiang. Late-maturing varieties, clear sowing, autumn equinox to frost harvest. High quality and high yield, sweet and glutinous taste, yield 1000~1200 jin per mu. The pericarp is green and white, 40~50 pieces per catty, shoulder angle upturned, waist angle bent down, rhombus belly depressed, rhombus flesh thick, thin skin, fruit weight and flesh weight ratio is about 1.5: 1.

2. Xiaobai Ling is produced in Wujiang, Suzhou and other places in Jiangsu Province. Mid-late maturing varieties, clear sowing, white dew to frost harvest, yield 600~1200 jin per mu. The flesh is hard, contains starch many, suitable cooked food, the fruit shape is small, each catty 60~70. Green white skin, shoulder angle slightly inclined upward extension, waist angle slender downward curve, abdomen slightly raised, fruit weight and meat weight ratio of about 1.4: 1. The rhombus disk is small, the stem tendrils are tough, the growth potential is strong, the wind wave resistance is strong, the growth adaptation scope is wider, suitable lake swing deep water cultivation.

3. Daqingling is produced in Wujiang, Wuxian, Yixing, Jiangsu Province. Medium maturity seed, sowing and maturity period is the same as small white caltrop, yield per mu 1000~1200 jin. Medium quality, large fruit shape, 20~25 per catty. The skin is green and white, the shoulders are high, the shoulder angles are flat and thick, and the waist angles are thick. Bend down slightly. The ratio of fruit weight to flesh weight is about 2:1.

4. Shuihongling is produced in Suzhou, Zhejiang and Jiaxing. Early-maturing seeds, clear sowing, beginning of autumn harvest tender caltrop, summer heat, frost harvest old caltrop, a yield of 800~1000 jin. Water content of meat more than a little less starch, sweet, appropriate raw food. Petiole, vein and pericarp are all reddish. Fruit shape larger, 25~35 per catty, shoulder angle slender flat, waist angle long, slightly downward oblique extension, fruit weight and meat weight ratio of about 1.5: 1. Not resistant to deep water, not resistant to waves.

5. Shao Boling, produced in Lixiahe area of Jiangsu Province. Early-middle mature seed, harvest from summer heat to cold dew, medium yield, 500~1000 jin per mu, 40~50 pieces per jin, green white skin, large shoulder angle, sharp waist angle, thin skin, fruit weight and meat weight ratio of about 1.5: 1.

6. Shajiao Ling is produced in Wujiang, Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province. Mid-ripe seeds, clear, grain rain sowing, autumn, summer harvest. The yield per mu is 400~600 jin. Fruit shape small, shoulder angle thin sharp flat extension, waist angle to fruit side oblique extension, green white and thick skin. The meat is hard and rich in starch, so it should be cooked. Rootstock tough, leaves small dense, resistant to wind and waves, deep water and thin ground.

7. Grilled Ling, also known as Wuling, Fengling and Dacurved Angle Ling, is produced in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and all parts of the south. Late-maturing varieties, Qingming, rain sowing, cold dew, early autumn harvest, yield 600~1000 jin per mu. The fruit grows, about 25 per catty. Skin dark green, two horns thick and long and curved. Good quality, starch content. The fruit stalk is not easy to fall off when mature, so the harvest times can be reduced; but the skin is thick, and the ratio of fruit weight to meat weight is about 2:1.

8. Bat Ling, produced near Nanjing. Early-maturing varieties, Qingming sowing, summer, cold dew harvest. Growth potential is weaker, leaf surface light green, back russet. The fruit is medium in shape, about 40 per catty. The skin color has red, green two kinds, two angle flat stretch, apex is more blunt.

9, May Ling, produced in Guangzhou suburbs. Early maturity variety, two horns flat stretch, medium yield, thin skin and thick meat, water content of diamond meat, food varieties.

10, July Ling, produced in Guangzhou suburbs. Late-maturing varieties, green pericarp, fruit shape grown, two horns thick under the curve, higher yield, containing more starch, thick shell, suitable for processing flour and cooked food.

2. What are the breeding methods of water chestnut?

1, planting time

Planting is generally carried out before and after Qingming, but the specific time depends on when the water temperature stabilizes to more than 12 degrees. The weather is different every year. Sometimes the temperature reaches before Qingming, but sometimes the temperature is still very low. But some varieties are early-maturing and can be planted less early. But late-maturing varieties can be cultivated early.

2. Seed selection and seedling raising

Select high-quality varieties, select early, middle and late three varieties of cultivation, can be listed in batches, but also can keep seeds. Direct seeding planting, planting in river pond, keeping water depth of 3 cm, planting water chestnut with water chestnut bud, evenly sowing. Clean the pond before sowing. Generally, twenty catties of water chestnut are planted per mu. The water depth can be used for seedling planting. One mu of seedlings uses 120 jin seeds, which can be transplanted to five mu of water surface, and two seedlings can be transplanted.

3. Cultivation management

One mu uses 4,000 catties of livestock manure as base fertilizer. After germination, use 10 jin urea as topdressing per mu, and spray 2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate several times after flowering. To prevent aphids, spray 90% crystalline trichlorfon 800 times. Spray more than once a week. The main disease was caltrop blast, sprayed with 5% Jinggangmycin 400g mixed with 50kg water. Remove weeds, some weeds at any time.

4. Environmental requirements

Cultivated in temperate wet mud, suitable for ponds, swamps, rivers to change the flow field. Like warm environment, not suitable for planting in cold environment, the most suitable temperature for growth is 25 degrees to 36 degrees, generally in summer water 3 temperature will be lower. Planting depth, sowing is 3 cm, gradually increase after emergence, grow up to maintain about 0.6 meters.

The above is the introduction of water chestnut, water chestnut can be eaten raw, and the effect of clearing heat and detoxification. Not only that, it has a variety of practices, good taste and rich nutrition, and has been loved by the masses.

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