How to select sorghum seeds? What are the breeding methods?

From the perspective of food crops, friends in most areas may know more about wheat and rice, but sorghum rice can also be used as food. Before you plant sorghum, you need to choose the right kind of sorghum and learn it together.

First, how to select sorghum seeds?

(1) consider the maturity of varieties.

Late-maturing varieties can be selected in areas with long frost-free period, and early-maturing varieties can be selected in areas with short frost-free period.

(2) consider the use of the product

Red grain varieties with high starch content and high tannin content (about 1%) should be selected for wine or vinegar; varieties with high protein and lysine content and low tannin content (≤ 0.4%) should be selected for food or feed; sweet sorghum varieties with high sugar Brix in stems should be selected for energy use; grass sorghum varieties should be selected for green feed.

(3) High and stable yield of varieties should be considered.

When other conditions are similar, varieties with high yield potential should be selected as far as possible. at the same time, varieties with strong disease resistance, insect resistance and stress resistance should be selected to ensure stable yield. (source: China Agricultural Press)

What are the methods of raising seedlings of sorghum?

1. Selection of improved varieties

In order to cultivate strong seedlings, we must first select improved varieties according to the local planting environment, soil and temperature. For example, in areas with lower elevations, we should choose varieties with low plants, high yield per unit area in the first season, and strong regeneration ability, such as red cherry seed and green shell ocean. If there is no double harvest and no regeneration, you can also choose ones with strong resistance, while those used to make wine are blindly replaced with red cherry seeds and green shell varieties.

two。 Select nursery site

The root system of sorghum is developed, and the adaptability to the soil is very strong, so the requirement for the soil is not high, and it can tolerate salt and alkali and barren. However, in order to cultivate strong seedlings, the soil of the seedling land is to choose the sandy loam with loose soil, deep soil layer and rich organic matter, and the seedlings are more sensitive to saline-alkali, so it is not suitable to raise seedlings in saline-alkali soil. Acid soil is planted after proper improvement.

3. Seed treatment

A week before sowing, the seeds should be screened, small, shrunken and diseased seeds should be eliminated, and large and full seeds should be selected for production. In a sunny day, the selected seeds should be exposed for 2-3 days to improve their germination rate. Seed dressing was carried out before sowing to control diseases, element deficiency and underground pests.

4. Sowing at the right time

Timely sowing is the premise of improving seedling germination, seedling alignment and strong seedlings. Sorghum is not tolerant to low temperature during germination. If sowing too early will lead to sprouting Hu, it is very easy to be disturbed by diseases and affect the yield, while sowing too late will affect the growth period. When sowing, the soil water content should be 20%, the late-maturing varieties should be sowed early, and the early-maturing varieties should be sowed late. Sowing should be reasonable and density should be controlled. Generally, the row spacing is about 15 × 20cm, the sowing depth is 3-5cm, and the soil cover is 2-3cm.

5. Seedling stage management

After sowing, the seedlings should be kept warm by plastic film mulching, when the seedlings grow to 3-4 leaves, when the seedlings grow to 3-4 leaves, when 5-6 true leaves are fixed, and when the seedlings are fixed, strong seedlings, weak seedlings and miscellaneous plants should be left. 2-3 times of intertillage should be carried out at the seedling stage, once in the seedling setting, the first 10-15 days after the seedling setting, and the third before the jointing stage, the middle tillage can be carried out together with weeding and topdressing to make the seedling grow strong. The water demand of sorghum in the seedling stage is 10% of that in the whole growth period, so we should pay attention to the change of water during this period, not too much or too little.

To sum up, do you have a preliminary understanding of how to grow sorghum? Welcome to continue to leave a message to express your doubts, let's answer the study together.

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