How to choose Hawthorn seeds? What are the methods of raising seedlings?

When it comes to Hawthorn, do you immediately think of Hawthorn slices with bags like editors? Generally speaking, it will be more appropriate to eat some when you have indigestion. In addition, Hawthorn has a good medicinal effect, and we can usually eat some properly. So how to choose Hawthorn seeds? What are the methods of raising seedlings? The editor will tell you in detail below.

First, how to select Hawthorn seeds?

The main results are as follows: 1. In the mountainous areas, where the front of the mountain is leeward to the sun, sufficient light, high temperature and rainfall, late-maturing varieties with long growth period and high cultivation conditions can be selected. Mid-maturing or early-maturing varieties should be selected in gullies, shady slopes or low-lying places with poor light, low temperature and inadequate water conditions. From the perspective of social conditions, in remote areas in deep mountains, less labor, inconvenient transportation, insufficient water resources, and it is difficult to achieve fine management, we should choose varieties that are resistant to extensive management and strong storage. Cities and suburbs or traffic conditions are more convenient, and sufficient labor, but also have processing conditions, you can choose excellent fresh food varieties or fresh food processing varieties.

2. The first principle of selecting Hawthorn seeds should be that the varieties should have the characteristics of strong adaptability, early fruit, high yield, large fruit, good quality, fresh food and processing and so on. The so-called good quality means that the fruit is firm and resistant to storage and transportation, the edible part accounts for more than 80% of the total fruit weight, the ratio of sugar to acid should be more than 2, 5, 5, 1, and contains more than 80 milligrams of vitamin C per 100 grams of fresh fruit.

2. Seedling raising methods of Hawthorn seeds

1. Selection of nursery site

The plots with flat terrain, convenient farming, thick and fertile soil layer, neutral or slightly acidic pH, better sandy soil, close to water source and irrigation conditions should be selected as nursery plots.

2. Seed collection

There are many kinds of wild Hawthorn, so the wild species with high kernel content, good compatibility and strong adaptability should be selected as rootstocks. At the same time, robust trees free from diseases and insect pests should be selected as seed mother trees. The time of seed collection is usually carried out when the fruit is basically ripe. Remove the pulp and take out the seeds immediately after picking. The fruit can also be crushed and stored, that is, the fruit is spread out on the field after picking, crushed with stone mill, crushed pulp, and then piled in the shade to make it ferment. The stacking thickness does not exceed 45cm, and it is covered with mats. Spray water 2-3 times a day and turn it every 2-3 days to keep the temperature at about 40 ℃, so as not to burn seeds due to excessive temperature. After 7 days and 10 days, after most of the pulp was rotted, the pulp was spread out to dry, so that the pulp was separated from the seeds, and the clean seeds were obtained by washing with water.

3. Seed treatment

Adopt a dry-wet and variable temperature treatment method. After the seeds washed with clean water were stratified with wet sand for 20 days, the colloid on the surface of the seed shell obviously faded, and the suture line was loose. on a sunny day, the seeds were soaked in clean water for one day and night, and then exposed on the cement ground for 4 hours the next day, and then soaked and exposed for 7 times. when most of the seed shell was cracked, it was mixed with wet sand. Mix the two according to the proportion of 1 seed and 4-5 parts of wet river sand. When the seeds are few, they can be stored in wooden boxes, and when the seeds are long, they can be stratified by digging holes. Usually turn once a month, dry spray water, out of date should be removed, appropriate distribution of moisture. The stratification time of this method is not less than 80 days, and 90-120 days is better to be sown in spring. The stratification method can shorten the seedling raising time, and the seedling emergence rate can reach 60% to 70%.

4. Sowing seeds

Hawthorn has strong cold resistance, early sowing and shallow sowing in early spring, and autumn sowing should be carried out before freezing at the end of autumn and the beginning of winter. Usually 10m long, 1.2m wide, fully filled with bottom water, and then sprinkled with base fertilizer, usually turning the 3000~5000kg rotten barnyard manure into the inner building of the soil. When sowing, according to 4 rows per row, wide and narrow rows, ditch sowing, ditch depth 3cm, ditch width 6~8cm, the germinated seeds were scattered evenly into the ditch with 1m23~45g, covered with fine fluvo-aquic soil about 2cm, and then covered with 1~2cm sawdust or fine river sand to keep the soil loose and moist. Where there are conditions, plastic film can be covered to increase the ground temperature, promote early sprouting, good seedlings and whole seedlings.

5. Seedling stage management

After the end of March to the beginning of April in spring, the seedlings were unearthed one after another. When the seedlings grew to 5~6cm height and the true leaves were 2-3 pieces, the seedlings which were too dense were interseedling combined with loosening the soil, and the seedlings were transplanted with the seedlings, which were easy to survive. It entered the first growth peak from the end of May to the beginning of June, and the second peak period of seedling growth was from the end of June to the beginning of July. When topdressing each time, you should pay attention to the fertilizer not to touch the branches and leaves of the seedlings so as to avoid burns.

Above, the editor shares the selection and breeding methods of Hawthorn seeds to you in detail. Friends who want to plant Hawthorn can use it for reference. If you think this article is helpful to you, you can also collect it.

For wonderful pictures and articles and popular comments on Hawthorn seed selection and seedling raising methods, you may be interested in the following recommended contents of Nongxun. Welcome to read.

Agricultural products you may be interested in: national supply of high-quality Hawthorn seeds

Phellodendron mandshurica (Thunb.)