How to select seeds of Codonopsis pilosula? What are the methods of raising seedlings?

Codonopsis pilosula is a very common traditional Chinese medicine, many people will buy some spare at home, it can replenish qi, but also can invigorate the blood, treat insomnia, chronic gastropathy, neurasthenia and other symptoms, farmers who specialize in growing Codonopsis pilosula usually make more money. So how to choose the seeds of Codonopsis pilosula? What are the methods of raising seedlings? Friends who want to know, please read the following!

How to choose the seeds of Codonopsis pilosula?

The seeds of Codonopsis pilosula are selected in a manner similar to that of other crops. generally speaking, the first thing is to look at the appearance of the seeds, the particles are large, the seeds are full, and there are no defects, that is, the better seeds, which means that the seeds were not attacked by diseases and insect pests in the course of their development.

2. Seedling raising methods of Codonopsis pilosula seeds.

1. Seed collection

Codonopsis pilosula fields with strong growth, thick roots and no diseases and insect pests were selected as planting fields, and seeds were collected from Codonopsis pilosula, which was more than two years old. The harvest time is about the first and middle of October, when the fruit is yellowish brown and the seeds are dark brown, it shows that it is ripe and can be harvested.

2. Threshing and drying

The seeds of Codonopsis pilosula should be further dried after threshing in fine weather from the end of October to the middle of November, and should be dried to the standard water content of the seeds. Do not be exposed to high temperature or short-term drying.

3. Storage of seeds of Codonopsis pilosula

The seeds of Codonopsis pilosula are small, contain little energy and are not resistant to storage. after 1 year of storage at room temperature, the germination rate is reduced to about 25%, and after 2 years of storage at room temperature, the germination rate is reduced to 3.7%, so the seeds are not suitable for seed in the next year.

4. Soil preparation and fertilization

The main results are as follows: (1) the seedlings of Codonopsis pilosula are afraid of the sun, and the nursery land should be on a moist shady slope. Choose the sandy soil with flat terrain, loose and fertile soil, good soil moisture, no stagnant water, less weeds, rich in humus and less harmful to underground pests, turn 25cm to 30cm deep, break the soil, remove grass roots, branches, stones, and rake flat.

(2) fertilization of Codonopsis pilosula can be divided into four types: base fertilizer, seed fertilizer, topdressing fertilizer and foliar fertilizer. It is required that the organic fertilizer must be fully mature and meet the harmless hygienic standard, and the foliar fertilizer should meet the requirements of GAP.

When the seed fertilizer is applied during the sowing of Codonopsis pilosula seeds, 1.33 tons / mu of fully mature organic fertilizer can be used as base fertilizer. According to the method of fertilization, it is generally divided into spreading and strip application. Spread fertilizer evenly over the ground surface, sometimes raking 1 or 2 times to mix it with the topsoil. Strips are applied to trench between rows or near rows, apply fertilizer, and then cover the soil. During the last shallow ploughing of the soil, 50% zinc and parathion 0.3 g / m2 was applied and mixed with the soil to eliminate underground pests.

5. Seed preparation

Seed purity ≥ 95%, purity ≥ 95%, germination rate ≥ 80%, water content ≤ 13%, no diseases and insect pests. Choose seeds with full grains, bright color and no pollution. Put the seeds in a cloth bag before sowing, put them in 40 ℃ ~ 45 ℃ warm water, stir continuously, soak for 12 hours, take out, rinse with clean water several times, put them at 25 ℃ ~ 30 ℃, cover them with wet sacks or gauze, and accelerate germination. After 5-6 days, the seeds can be sown when the cracks are exposed.

6. Sowing date and quantity

The suitable germination temperature of Codonopsis pilosula seeds is 15 ℃ ~ 20 ℃, the sowing time is long, and the seedling raising time is suitable in spring and autumn rainy season, which is mainly determined by soil water condition. Spring sowing takes place after the land is thawed from the end of March to the beginning of April. Spring sowing should be early, not late. Autumn sowing generally does not carry on the seed treatment, should not be too early, otherwise the seed emergence is easy to freeze to death, affecting the growth of the next year. The sowing density of Codonopsis pilosula is controlled at 2600000 grains per square meter, and the sowing rate is between 0.81kg / mu. In the case of dry soil, the emergence rate is low, so the sowing rate can be increased appropriately, and when the soil moisture is good, the sowing rate can be reduced appropriately.

7. Sowing method

Codonopsis pilosula generally uses border to raise seedlings. There are two kinds of strip sowing and sowing: strip sowing, that is, on the leveled border surface, first open a shallow trench, usually 3 cm deep and 10 cm wide. After the seeds are sown, sift the fine wet soil on the seeds with a thickness of 0.5 cm to 0.7 cm, sowing 4 rows per border, and then slightly suppress to make the soil and seeds combine closely and cover immediately. Sowing is to first drop the surface dry soil on the border surface, then spread the seeds evenly on the border surface, use a nail tooth rake shallow Harrow to mix the seeds with the surface soil of 0.5 cm to 1.0 cm, properly suppress, and keep the soil moist and loose after sowing.

8. Cover shade after broadcast

Immediately after the sowing operation is completed, it should be evenly covered with grass, wheat straw or other grass straw, with a thickness of about 5 cm, in order to keep the soil moist. It can prevent the seedlings from being exposed to strong light, prevent hardening and protect the seedlings.

9. Seedbed management

After sowing, the seedling bed remained moist, and the seedlings emerged in about 9-13 days (in case of drought, the emergence time was longer). When the seedlings grow two true leaves, they begin to plough and weed. For the fields with dense seedling growth, when the seedlings grow to 5-7 cm, the minimum seedling spacing is about 1.0 cm, the average seedling spacing is 3.0-3.5 cm, and the density is less than 800-1000 plants / square meter. According to the situation of seedlings for topdressing, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 50 grams each plus 10 kilograms of water, sprayed on the seedbed.

10. Seedling emergence

The seedlings of Codonopsis pilosula spend the winter in the field, and after the soil is thawed in the spring of next year, start the seedlings before transplanting and pay attention to avoid root damage. The method of raising seedlings is to dig up the seedlings with three-toothed iron forks, then turn them down gently, pick out the seedlings and shake off the soil. The dug-up plants are packed into 400-500 g handfuls according to 20% of the soil, put into gunny bags or plastic woven bags, and transported to the transplanting place.

11. Codonopsis pilosula seedlings planting, storage and transportation

In general, Codonopsis pilosula can raise seedlings in producing areas, and transplant seedlings while transplanting. However, sometimes seedlings can be raised centrally in areas with irrigation conditions, and then trafficked to other areas for planting, in which case the seedlings can not be planted temporarily and need to be pseudo-planted and stored seedlings.

At present, the price of Codonopsis pilosula is not cheap, but the demand in the market is relatively large, so the prospect of planting is good, and it is a good planting project, but it is necessary to choose some high-quality seeds and pay attention to certain methods of raising seedlings. I hope this article can help you.

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