How to choose birch seeds? What are the methods of raising seedlings?

In the countryside, people can see many different kinds of trees, such as birch, which is mainly distributed in hillsides and forests. White birch sap has a certain health care function, high ornamental value, and good economic effect, so the prospect of planting this kind of tree is considerable, so how to choose birch seeds? What are the methods of raising seedlings? Friends who want to know, please read the following!

First, how to select birch seeds?

Before sowing, we should first select the seeds. Whether the seeds are good or not is directly related to the success of sowing. It is best to choose the seeds harvested in the same year. The longer the seed is preserved, the lower the germination rate is. Choose seeds that are full and have no defects or deformities. Choose seeds free from diseases and insect pests.

2. Seedling raising methods of Betula platyphylla seeds

1. Selection of nursery sites.

Betula platyphylla seedling land should choose flat terrain, good drainage, convenient irrigation, loose and fertile sandy loam or light loam and loam. Avoid choosing high dry, low-lying and sticky places.

2. Soil preparation and fertilization

Spring Harrow is adopted in the nursery ground. In autumn, the soil should be raked fine and leveled, and the soil should be fine and loose after the soil is thawed in the following spring. Then make the bed (ridge) surface to be flat and meticulous, and at the same time apply 2500 kg of stable manure and 25 kg of human superphosphate if possible. Do deep ploughing and raking, layer-by-layer fertilization.

3. Seed treatment

The seeds of Betula platyphylla are small and light, and there are many empty seeds, so it is not easy to select them by wind, so they are generally selected by water after seed soaking and accelerating germination. After soaking the seeds for 15 days before sowing, soak the seeds for 1 day and night with 5 ℃), remove the seeds and mix them with 3 times the moist fine sand (the sand humidity is kept at 60% of the saturated water holding capacity) and place it in a basket in a warm room, covered with wet grass curtains. Keep the temperature of sand planting at about 20 ℃, turn it over 3 times a day, and sprinkle water to keep it moist. When most of the seeds germinate and begin to crack, sift out the sand, put the seeds in a jar that has been filled with half water, stir with wooden sticks, and stand for a few minutes, the full seeds sink, the empty seeds float, and the empty seeds are removed. The germination rate of the seeds treated by water separation and germination can reach more than 85%.

4. Sowing seeds

Due to the small seed size of Betula platyphylla, meticulous management is required. Therefore, at present, bed sowing is mostly adopted in production, and spring sowing is the main method. After accelerating germination, the seeds germinated quickly, but the seedlings were unearthed slowly. Therefore, the seedbed must be watered thoroughly before sowing. Spring sowing time is generally in the middle or late April, hugging the bed into hemp noodles, sowing the seeds evenly on the bed, and then suppressing them with wood storage, so that the seeds are closely combined with the soil, which is conducive to the seedlings taking root in the soil. After sowing, directly cover a thin layer of straw, with the degree of not exposing the bed (about 0.5 kg of straw per square meter * or covering 0.2 cm of fine sand in time) and not seeing seeds (2.5kg per mu is controlled by standard rope.

5. Tending and management at seedling stage

Because the seed embryo of Betula platyphylla is very small and the germination ability is weak, although the seeds treated by accelerating germination are easy to germinate, the roots are tender and the stems are small and delicate, which can not stand the harm of drought and strong wind. Therefore, the early growth after emergence needs timely and appropriate amount of watering with fine-eye sprinklers or sprinklers, especially in the periods of high spring breeze, high temperature and hot weather, but also a small amount of cyclic watering, 4 min 5 times a day, watering with fine-eye sprayers and fine sprinkler sprayers or fine sprinkler water trucks to keep the bed moist all the time. But should not water too much, irrigate 10 meters long bed surface about 7.5 kilograms of water can be. On the one hand, watering can provide sufficient water for seedlings, on the other hand, it can appropriately reduce the surface temperature and reduce the harm of sunburn. When the main root of the seedling is 5mi 6cm, the lateral root is produced, and the shoot also grows 6 true leaves, the resistance of the seedling is enhanced, the watering can be less and more, and it can be watered thoroughly at one time. The use of big-eye spray pot and coarse sprinkler or artificial rainfall spray irrigation can improve work efficiency and meet the large water needs of seedlings.

After reading the above, you can also know that birch seeds still need to choose the seeds harvested that year, the old ones had better not be used, if you are a novice grower, you can also adopt some of the above breeding methods!

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