How to select alfalfa seeds? How to cultivate and raise seedlings?

Alfalfa is an excellent forage with the longest cultivation history and the widest cultivated area in the world, and it has the laudatory name of "king of forage". As far as China is concerned, alfalfa has been cultivated and developed for more than 2000 years, and it is mainly distributed in the northwest, North China, Northeast and the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin. So how to choose alfalfa seeds? How to cultivate and raise seedlings? Let's get to know it.

How to select alfalfa seeds?

Alfalfa seeds are small and grow slowly at seedling stage, so selecting good varieties is the key to growing alfalfa well. In addition, alfalfa is a perennial plant, and if the variety is not selected correctly, it will be damaged for several years. At present, the domestic varieties with good performance are Baoding alfalfa, Gannong Ⅰ alfalfa, Xinjiang big-leaf alfalfa, Aohan alfalfa, Zhongmu Ⅰ salt-tolerant alfalfa and so on. The better ones introduced from abroad are the Queen of the United States and WL323.WL320. Ansta, hundred green and Japanese Liruye and Beiruye alfalfa and so on. All kinds of growers should comprehensively select high-quality varieties according to the characteristics of varieties and the planting conditions and environment of the producing areas.

How to cultivate and raise seedlings?

1. Select the place

Select one or two types of land with good soil fertility and perfect water conservancy facilities, and at the same time, in order to facilitate mechanized transportation and operation and management, try to select plots with convenient transportation and large areas with drainage and irrigation measures.

2. Land preparation

The best time for soil preparation is in summer, turn deeply, rake once, and turn the weeds into the deep. If there are many weeds before sowing in autumn, one more deep turning or rotary ploughing is necessary, and then rake flat to meet the sowing requirements. In addition, organic fertilizer 2-3m2/ mu and pure phosphorus 8-16kg/ mu should be applied once before sowing. As the stems and leaves of alfalfa take away a large amount of potassium during the growth process, some potassium fertilizer can be applied appropriately to maintain high yield.

3. Sowing seeds

It is best to treat the seeds with pellets before sowing. According to the formula of seed 500kg + coating material 150kg + adhesive 1.5kg + water 75kg + ammonium molybdate 1.5kg, the seeds can grow healthily without being harmed by diseases, insect pests and weeds at the seedling stage. Methods the strip sowing is the main method in most areas, and the row spacing is 30cm, which is beneficial to ventilation and light transmission and field management. The sowing rate is generally about 1kg/ mu, the harvested fields should be less, the saline-alkali land can be more appropriately, and the sowing rate is too large and the seedlings are weak.

4. Raising seedlings

The yield can be increased by applying 2000 000 kg of fertilizer per mu and adding more than 100 jin of bacterial fertilizer. The sowing time is generally from late September to early October, sowing 30m / mu of 40kg, covered with 2-3 layers of sunshade net or a layer of grass curtain to moisturize, in order to facilitate seedling emergence.

5. Strengthen management

The growth in the seedling stage is weak, and the alfalfa field is vulnerable to weeds, so it is very important to remove weeds in time, so that there are no weeds in the land, and ensure the quality and requirements of acquisition and export (weed content is less than 5%). In addition, it is necessary to check the situation of seedling emergence in time after emergence, and to replant in time if it is found that there is a lack of seedling monopoly. Finally, focus on the prevention of aphids, thrips, brown spot, mildew and other diseases and insect pests.

Alfalfa has rich nutrition and high utilization value. Livestock feeding alfalfa needs less or no concentrate, which can save a lot of food and have obvious economic benefits. And growers in the planting process, must do a good job in seed selection, seedling cultivation and management, because this is the first step of success.

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