What kind of pistachio seed is good? What are the methods of raising seedlings?

Pistachio, also known as Bishita, green kernel fruit, is a kind of nut snack suitable for both young and old. its tree species are Coptis shrubs of the Lacqueraceae, which are native to Syria, Iraq, Iran, the southwest of the former Soviet Union and southern Europe. At present, it is also cultivated in Xinjiang and other areas of our country, and has good economic value. So what kind of pistachio seed is good? What are the methods of raising seedlings? Let's get to know it.

What kind of pistachio seed is good?

1. Long fruit pistachio

Produced in Kashgar, Xinjiang, the fruit is oval, red and pointed at the tip. This variety belongs to the large fruit type variety, with high fruit setting rate and strong high yield, so it is one of the most promising varieties.

2. Xilola

Introduced into Henan Province from Australia in 2001, this variety has the advantages of moderate tree potential, white nuts, high quality and high yield. it is one of the varieties with popularizing value in the northwest mountain area.

3. Precocious pistachios

Produced in Shufu County, Xinjiang. The tree potential is medium, the leaf surface is smooth, the fruit is oval, yellow and white, and the fruit setting rate is low. It is less cultivated in Kashgar area.

4. Akbari

The Iranian variety, which belongs to the long-fruit pistachio category, has the greatest economic value and is famous for its high price, high quality and uniqueness. It contains light yellow nuts with a creamy shell. The most obvious feature of this species is that the width of its head and tail are nearly the same.

What are the methods of raising seedlings?

1. Seed collection and treatment

The mother tree of pistachio seed collection should choose the mature tree with strong growth, no diseases and insect pests, full kernel, low empty shell rate, early maturity and medium fruit size (more than 15 years old). The suitable seed collection time for pistachio is when the exocarp becomes white and soft, and when the pedicel and fruit have formed delamination, pick or shake the branches by hand.

After harvesting, it can be used to raise seedlings after beating and threshing, drying and screening, and removing impurities. Autumn sowing seeds are sown with picking and do not need budding treatment, and spring sowing seeds also need wet sand layer to accelerate germination.

2. Soil preparation and sowing

Select the leeward to the sun, fertile soil, no stagnant sandy loam or loam plot to raise seedlings. The nursery is fine and raked flat, making a border 1 meter wide, and applying 4,000 to 5000 kilograms of farm manure per mu. Open the ditch for strip sowing, spread the seeds evenly into the ditch, cover the soil 2cm to 3cm thick, and gently suppress. Cover with grass to preserve soil moisture and prevent soil consolidation. After emergence, uncover the grass one by one.

3. Seedling stage management

Weeding and loosening the soil in the seedling stage, the seedlings can be fixed when the seedling height is 10 cm, and the distance between seedlings is 10-15 cm. At the same time, topdressing and irrigation for 2-3 times can promote growth.

4. Grafting seedling

Sprouting with xylem was carried out before the leaf development of rootstocks in spring, and square budding was carried out in the growing season from May to August. After sprouting in spring, the rootstock was truncated or topped short, with a high 70~80cm. Two buds (branches) with strong growth and suitable position were selected and cultured as new shoots of budding rootstocks in the same year. The budding trees could not be watered within 10 days before and after grafting, and loosened after 15-20 days, and then sprouted once every 5 days after grafting. At the end of August, fertilizer and water were cut off, which promoted the Lignification of new shoots, so as to survive the winter safely.

5. Post-management

After the graft survives, it is necessary to untie and unbind, bind the pillar, cut the anvil, and remove the cuteness.

Generally speaking, there are many varieties of pistachios, and when sowing seeds, we must choose high-quality varieties suitable for local sowing. Then do a good job of grafting seedling treatment, master these key techniques, can take a lot of detours.

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