How to harvest the seeds of southern sour jujube? What are the methods of raising seedlings?

Southern sour jujube, also known as four-eye fruit, Hualang fruit, is a better fast-growing afforestation tree species. The bark and leaves can extract tannin extract, the fruit can be eaten raw or brewed wine, the core can be used as activated carbon raw material, and the stem bark fiber can be used as rope. The bark and fruit are used as medicine, which has the effect of anti-inflammation and detoxification, hemostasis and pain, and can be used externally to treat large area water-fire burns. So how to harvest the seeds of Zizyphus jujuba? What are the methods of raising seedlings? Next, let's have a look with the editor.

First, how to harvest the seeds of southern sour jujube?

The seed collection time of Ziziphus jujuba is generally in late October, and the robust mother tree which has been growing for 2 years is selected. When the pericarp of southern sour jujube changes from cyan to yellow, it is the characteristic of seed maturity of southern sour jujube, and because the trees of southern sour jujube are taller, it is not convenient to collect seeds, so it can wait for the fruit to fall off and pick it up when it falls to the ground. After picking up the fruit, the fruit is piled together, covered with rice straw for retting, sprayed with 40 ℃ warm water 2 times a day, rubbed in flowing water 7 days later, removed impurities such as pericarp, removed and drained the seed epidermis, spread out in a cool and ventilated place, and dried until the seed water content dropped to 25%. The seeds can also be dug into the cellar for sand storage.

Second, what are the seedling raising methods of southern sour jujube?

1. Seed treatment and sowing

In early March, the stored seeds were taken out, washed twice with clean water, the floating seeds were taken out, and the seeds were soaked in 45 ℃ warm water for about 45 hours. The seeds were disinfected with 1% potassium permanganate solution for 1 hour before sowing. Generally, strip sowing is used for sowing, row spacing 35cm and plant spacing 20cm. When sowing, pay attention to the seed hole upward, insert the seed into the soil by hand, cover the soil with 4cm after sowing, cover the clean straw with 3cm thickness, spray once through water, and fix the straw to keep warm and moisturizing. The sowing rate is about 270kg/hm2 and the germination rate is about 60%.

2. Seedling raising method

It is divided into two kinds: sowing and burying roots, mainly sowing. The soil with loose fertilizer and good drainage was selected as the nursery, and 1000 kg of rotten manure was applied per mu. Sow the seeds from December to March of the following year. Soak the seeds in 50 ℃ warm water for 1-2 days before sowing. Sowing 40 kg per mu, row spacing 30 cm, plant spacing about 15 cm, seed hole facing up when sowing, and the thickness of covering soil after sowing is 3 cm. When the seedlings show the first pair of true leaves, overcast days combined with inter-seedlings are selected for supplementary transplanting. When the seedlings enter the vigorous growth period after the first ten days of July, chemical fertilizer should be deeply applied every 15 days, which can be combined with loosening the soil after rain. The application of nitrogen fertilizer was stopped in the middle of August to control the excessive growth of seedlings in the later stage and improve the Lignification degree of seedlings, and the seedlings stopped high growth in mid-late October. The height of one-year-old seedling is more than 1 meter, the ground diameter is 1-1.5cm, and the seedling yield is 7000-8000 per mu.

3. Seedling stage management

The seedlings of Ziziphus jujuba were unearthed in about 30%. When about 30% of the seedlings were unearthed, the covered straw was removed in sunny evening or cloudy days, and 0.2% carbendazim solution was sprayed in time to sterilize, and the seedlings could come out in about 7 days after uncovering the grass.

When the seedlings grow 2 true leaves, the seedlings should be interspersed and replenished in time, and the seedlings should be kept at a rate of 20-30 plants / m2. The seedlings should be watered for 2 consecutive days to ensure the survival of the seedlings. After the seedlings are unearthed, weeds also begin to breed. Southern sour jujube seedlings are most afraid of the harm of weeds when they are young. They should be removed as soon as they see the weeds, and the principle of "removing small, except, and early" should be followed as far as possible. It is best to weed manually. If there is a shortage of hands, chemical weeding can be used. Generally, 25% grass grams have a better weeding effect and less damage to seedlings.

The above is the introduction of southern sour jujube, southern sour jujube is a kind of jujube with high nutritional value, and it is a treasure from top to bottom, although it is rare in people's daily life. At present, southern sour jujube is naturally distributed in the south of the Yangtze River, as far as Hainan in the south and Sichuan, Yunnan and the south of Xizang in the west.

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