How to select Schima superba seeds? What are the methods of raising seedlings?

Schima superba, also known as lotus, Keshu, sagebrush and so on, belongs to the big tree of Schima superba of Theaceae. Schima superba is a very important broad-leaved tree species in China, not only good ornamental greening, but also medicinal value, functional treatment of external application of acne, nameless swelling poison, so many seedling farmers like to plant Schima superba. In the actual production process, in order to better cultivate the growth of Schima superba, it is necessary to skillfully master the seed selection and seedling technology of Schima superba.

How to select Schima superba seeds?

The distribution area of Schima superba is very wide, which also creates the richness of its varieties, so it is necessary to adjust measures to local conditions when selecting seeds. At present, the more popular varieties are Schima superba, Schima superba and so on. In terms of seeds, we should also choose the high quality and full seeds picked that year for sowing, which is generally the most suitable for sowing from February to March.

What are the methods of raising seedlings?

1. Seed collection and treatment

Generally, seeds can be collected from December to March of the following year. According to local conditions, when the capsule is slightly split, it is proved that the seeds of Schima superba have matured and need to be collected in time. The picked capsule was first hung in the shade for 1 / 2 days or buried in the soil for several days, and then exposed to the sun for 3 / 4 days. After the pericarp was cracked, the seeds could be screened. When dealing with the seeds, the seeds can be soaked in 40 ℃ warm water for 24 hours, change the clear water once, and continue to soak for 24 hours. After 6-7 days, the seeds split the mouth, and when the seeds with the split mouth are more than 40%, they can be sown.

2. Land selection and preparation

Schima superba likes acid red soil, so special attention should be paid to the selection of nursery land, such as when the nursery land is other soil, it should be changed in time. Carefully prepare the ground, knock the clods fine, and flatten the bed. 25% dimethazone and fine sand were mixed to make medicinal soil, which was sprinkled on the sowing bed before sowing, and the dosage was 4~6g/m 2. Finally, the seedbed is 1m wide and can be sown.

3. Sowing method

Sowing seeds by means of sowing or strip sowing (mainly strip sowing). Sowing with 20-30cm row spacing as the standard, a depth of three centimeters is the most appropriate, and a seed amount of seven to nine kilograms per mu will be used. After sowing, cover it with a thin layer of soil and straw and water it. After twenty days, seedlings can grow.

4. Cultivation of big seedlings

When cultivating large seedlings, we should try to choose places with convenient transportation, adequate water sources, flat terrain and a slight slope, and at the same time try to ensure that the soil layer is deep, fertile and sunny. Make the seedbed flat and make it into a low bed according to the bed width of 2m. Red soil, mature organic fertilizer and calcium superphosphate were fully mixed according to 90 ∶ 9 ∶ 1 to make nutrient soil. Mix nutritious soil and medicinal soil into a nutrition bag according to 9 ∶ 1. The selection of nutrition bags according to the actual requirements of afforestation and greening for seedlings, cultivate seedlings of different specifications to select different specifications of nutrition bags. The nutrition bags of 8cm × 12cm, 14cm × 18cm and 50cm × 60cm can be selected.

5. Seedling stage management

(1) weeding: get rid of weeds in time. In order to achieve the principle of early weeding, small weeding and root removal, attention should be paid to watering before and after weeding.

(2) watering: nutrition bag seedling needs to keep the bag soil moist. If the weather is dry, the bag soil is relatively dry and needs to be watered once every 7 days. If it is in cloudy and rainy weather, it is necessary to do a good job of drainage.

(3) topdressing: when the nutrition bag seedlings grow 1-2 true leaves, fertilize once every 7 days, and water the seedlings with 0.1%-0.25% urea according to the actual size of the seedlings. At the same time, extra-root fertilization can also be used as a supplement according to the growth of seedlings, but attention should be paid to the time and concentration of fertilization.

Generally speaking, Schima superba has strong ornamental and good medicinal value. at the same time, it can be mixed with Pinus yunnanensis, Cunninghamia lanceolata, cypress, Cryptomeria fortunei and alder to form a multi-level mixed forest, which has good fire prevention function and water conservation function. There is no need to say much about its economic value, so if growers want to cultivate strong seedlings and increase income, they must pay attention to the accumulation of experience in seedling selection and breeding techniques.

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