How to choose spruce seeds? What are the methods of raising seedlings?

People living in rural areas often see all kinds of trees, such as spruce is more common, it has the role of purifying the air, soil and water conservation, and can also be used to make works of art, or garden ornamental crops. How to choose spruce seeds? What are the methods of raising seedlings?

First, how to select spruce seeds?

In the northwest natural forest region, spruce seeds begin to mature in October, and the cones can be collected from green to yellowish brown and chestnut brown. The seed collection mother tree is good to choose the 30-50-year-old plants with strong growth, excellent stem shape and no diseases and insect pests, but because of the large task of seed collection in the natural forest area, it is often adopted to purchase seeds from forest farmers and collect seeds from the established mother forest and seed orchard.

2. Seedling raising methods of spruce seeds

1. Seed treatment

About two months before sowing, disinfect the seeds with 0.5% potassium permanganate solution for two hours, and then soak the seeds in warm water for 6 hours. It should be noted that spruce seeds are not resistant to high temperature, so the soaking time can not be long. The water temperature of seed soaking must be below 50C, and the general soaking time is about 8 hours. Then mix 2 times as much wet sand and leave it in the room at room temperature of 18C~25 for 3 to 5 days. Then place it in the shade pit and cover the seeds with crushed ice. Take it back indoors before sowing, turn it often, keep the sand moist, and wait for the seeds to sprout.

2. Land selection and land preparation

Seedlings in mountainous areas should be raised on the lower edge of sunny slopes at lower elevations or in low mountainous and Zhongshan areas. Choose the place with open terrain to avoid cold air mass accumulation and facilitate drainage. The soil should be rich, deep, low stone content of the sell loam is appropriate. Soil preparation is usually carried out twice. The mountain area was carried out before the rainy season of the previous year, and the ploughing depth 25~30cm was carried out in the plain before the soil was frozen. After thawing in the next spring, shallow ploughing 18~20cm was carried out, combined with base fertilizer and soil disinfection.

3. Make beds and ridges

If you make a bed on a gentle slope in the mountain area, you should pay attention to drainage. High beds should be made in rainy areas and flat beds or low beds in less rainy areas. The width of the mountain nursery bed is 1.5m, and the long S~10mo plain area usually uses a happy flat bed or ridge. The surface of the flat bed is level with the surrounding surface. The ridge is higher than the bed surface 10cm, the bed width is 2.3m, the length is 10m, the middle ditch is deep 20cm, wide 30cm, the bed surface on both sides of the ditch is 1m, the row spacing is 15~20cm, and each side of the bed noodle sows 5 rows. When ridging, ridge width 80cm, ridge top plane 50cm, ridge height 15cm, ridge distance 30cm, ridge length 20~30cm. Sow 3 rows per ridge, line spacing 20cm.

4. Sowing seeds

Spruce is usually sown in spring. Most areas are sown in mid-April. Too early to be harmed by late frost, and late to sunburn. To sow seeds in mountain areas, it is better to sow early than late, sowing at the top, covering the soil with a thickness of 1.5~2cm, suppressing after sowing, and covering a layer of branches on the seedbed. Bed sowing, ridge sowing and wide dense sowing are used in the plain. Before sowing, pour enough bottom water, choose a windless day for strip sowing, broadcast 8~10cm. The row spacing of bed sowing was 25cm and the row spacing of ridge sowing was 20cm. After sowing, the soil was covered with sifted sand and sawdust. Bed sowing cover soil thickness 1cm, ridge sowing soil cover thickness 1.5cm. After the reply, it was suppressed gently.

5. Tending and management

It usually takes 15 to 20 days for spruce to be sown and unearthed. If the seeds are treated with frozen snow, they will not be irrigated before they are unearthed, and the seedlings will emerge quickly and neatly. Spruce seedlings should be irrigated in time to keep the bed moist and prevent heating. The principle of watering should be carried out at the right time. Irrigation should be stopped during the rainy season. In the later stage, if the weather is very dry and early, it should still be irrigated one or two times. Spruce irrigation should not be too much, more will affect the overwintering. Spruce is resistant to shade and afraid of heat after emergence. In order to prevent the roots and stems of spruce from sunburn, the wine can lower the surface temperature. For example, when the temperature rises to about 30C, the wine is sprayed twice a day, and the seedlings grow 2 rounds of needles.

6. Loosen the soil and weed at the same time

Loosening the soil must be done after the rain and after the pot. It was carried out once every 15 days in the early stage of growth, once a month in the later stage, and 6-8 times in the whole year. Principle of loosening soil: small seedlings should be shallow, big seedlings should be deep, and the bed surface should be shallow when dry and deep when wet. Spruce seedlings like dampness and shade, and the growth of sowing seedlings is slow in that year. It is also serious because of bird damage, blight, sunburn and freezing. Therefore, the current year-old seedlings do not thinning seedlings, 2-year-old seedlings can be appropriate between seedlings.

All right, that's all the editor wants to share with you. If you have any ideas for planting spruce, you should choose some high-quality seeds to sow. In addition, you need to master certain seedling methods. I hope this article can help you.

With regard to the wonderful pictures and articles and popular comments on spruce seed selection and seedling raising methods, you may be interested in the following recommended contents of Nongxun. Welcome to read.

Agricultural products you may be interested in: national supply of high-quality spruce seeds