How to select the seeds of Toona sinensis? What are the methods of raising seedlings?

It can be said that Toona sinensis is a common kind of tree in rural areas. Its flowers are white-green and its fruit is Samara. Generally speaking, it rarely lives for 50 years. Some people will plant Toona sinensis on purpose, so how to choose its seeds? What are the methods of raising seedlings? If you want to know more, please read on.

First, how to select the seeds of Toona sinensis?

When buying seeds of Toona sinensis, growers should learn to identify the quality of seeds and select high-quality seeds. Generally speaking, it is necessary to choose those seeds with full particles and no damage, and the seeds should not be moldy or too wet, so the seeds will not have a very high germination rate, and the plants planted will not have a very good effect.

2. Seedling raising methods of Toona sinensis seeds

1. Seed collection and treatment.

The 15-year-old 30-year-old strong mother tree was selected to collect seeds. From September to October, when the Samara was ripe, it was cut off together with the branchlets, turned and dried for 5 days. After drying, the seeds were stored by dry storage. Winged seeds with a purity of 85%-88%, a germination rate of about 70% and a thousand-seed weight of more than 28 grams are required. Soak the wings before sowing (not to remove the wings), soak in 40 ℃ warm water for 24 hours, then soak in clean water for 12 hours, remove the floating blighted seeds and sundries, remove the sunken full seeds (germination rate 88%-94%) and spread them flat in the leeward to make the epidermis water evaporate, then soak them with gibberellin, 50 × 10-6 rooting powder or 2 grams of Yanchang Ling for 2 hours, then mix fine river sand at 1:1 and pile it in a warm sunny place. Cover the sprouting with a straw curtain or wet sack and spray it with clean water once a day to keep it humid. for about 7-8 days, 40% of the seeds can be sown.

2. Sowing time

The suitable temperature for seed germination of Toona sinensis is 9: 15 ℃, which is mainly sown in spring. Toona sinensis seedlings are sensitive to late frost and should not be sown prematurely in spring. In Sichuan, it is suitable to sow in the early and middle of March and April, and the sowing rate should be 15,22kg / ha. If it is too late, the temperature will be higher, which is not conducive to the growth of seedlings.

3. Raising seedlings

Nursery land to choose flat, fertile soil, sunny, leeward, preferably watering conditions of the land. Before sowing, the nursery is deeply turned over after full water, combined with soil preparation to apply appropriate amount of organic fertilizer, rake flat, make a good ridge, make a good seedbed, generally the width of the border is 1.0-1.2 meters, and the length is determined according to the land, reaching the level of the border. The sowing rate is 3 to 5 kilograms per mu. Strip sowing line? 0-40 cm, sowing ditch depth 3-4 cm, sowing rate 60-70 grains / m, soil cover thickness 1.0-1.5 cm, light suppression. Cover the grass along the ridge after sowing to keep the surface moist and help the seeds to be unearthed. If two-stage seedling raising is adopted, the mother bed and then sparse transplant are used, and the sowing amount can be doubled.

4. Watering and weeding

The young buds begin to be unearthed (seedling stage) 4-6 days after seed sowing in spring, watering is strictly prohibited at this time, otherwise soil consolidation will affect the emergence of seedlings, emphasis should be placed on raising temperature and preserving soil moisture, promoting early emergence of seedlings and emergence of whole seedlings. 10-15 days after sowing, the seedlings will be irrigated for the first time (permeable water) when the seedlings grow to 3-4 cm, but stuffy head water is strictly forbidden. In the whole process of seedling growth, appropriate watering should be carried out according to its physiological characteristics and the degree of soil dryness and humidity, but the nursery should not be made to accumulate water (especially in the rainy season, drainage if necessary), otherwise the seedlings will rot roots and cause unnecessary losses. Weeds must be removed early, small and apart, and the number of intertillage should not be less than 6-8 times.

5. Transplanting or sparse transplanting of seedlings

When the seedling height reaches 3 cm to 14 cm, when the seedling height reaches 8 cm to 10 cm, the seedling should be transplanted with sparse row, and the plant spacing is 20 cm; if the large seedling is cultivated, the plant spacing is 40 cm. From late June to early July, when the height of the seedling reached 20cm to 30cm, the seedling was in a slow growth stage. At this time, the main root was cut off to a depth of 15cm to 18cm on the shade side of the seedling, then the main root was compacted and watered once. If the two-stage seedling is used, the sparse transplant should be carried out when the height of the seedling is 8cm and 10cm, and the plant spacing is 20cm. No more root cutting.

6. Fertilization

Phosphate fertilizer was used as base fertilizer in the field where seedlings were raised. After seedling fixing or sparse transplanting, topdressing (urea) was applied twice from May to July, each time about 150 kg per hectare.

7. Come out of the nursery

When raising seedlings in spring, there are about 120000 seedlings with a diameter of more than 1.0cm and a height of more than 100cm per hectare in autumn. If large seedlings are to be cultivated, they can be planted according to the row spacing of 40 × 80 cm in the second year. In addition to doing a good job of loosening the soil and weeding, we should focus on the supply of water and fertilizer to promote the rapid growth of seedlings. From May to July, the amount of fertilization is 2-3 times, usually about 150 kg per hectare of urea.

That's all the editor wants to share with you today. If you have any ideas to plant Toona sinensis, you still need to pay more attention to the selection of seeds, and then learn some related breeding methods. I hope this article can help you!

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