Main types of fertilization machinery

Fertilization is indispensable in the process of agricultural planting, and in order to improve the efficiency of fertilization, the selection of a variety of efficient fertilization machinery is undoubtedly the best choice. As the name implies, fertilization machinery is used to apply all kinds of chemical fertilizers (granular fertilizer, liquid fertilizer), barnyard manure, manure and so on. So what kinds of fertilizing machines are there? What are the characteristics of the job? Let's get to know it.

1. Fertilizer spreading machine

(1) full-width fertilizing machine: the basic characteristic of this kind of fertilizing machine is to fertilize evenly in the full width of the machine. Its working principle can be divided into two categories: one is composed of a number of double-blade turntable fertilizer dispensers arranged laterally, and the other is composed of chain fingers installed on a chain moving along the horizontal direction, fertilizing along the width of the whole machine.

(2) Pneumatic wide spreader

The working principle of this kind of fertilization machinery is roughly the same, using the high-speed airflow generated by the high-speed rotating fan, combined with mechanical fertilizer discharger and sprinkler, widely and efficiently applying soil improvers such as chemical fertilizer and lime.

2. Fertilizer application machinery

The working method is to install a facility fertilizer device on the seeder and apply seed fertilizer at the same time of sowing. At present, most of the planters in foreign developed countries are equipped with fertilizer application devices. For example, in the United States, about 45% of grain strips and 60% of corn planters are equipped with fertilization devices.

3. Liquid fertilizer applicator

Liquid fertilizer can be divided into chemical liquid fertilizer and organic liquid fertilizer. Chemical liquid fertilizer has a strong corrosive effect on metals and is easy to volatilize. When applied, attention should be paid to prevent volatilization, loss of fertilizer efficiency and burning crops. Organic liquid fertilizer is composed of human, animal feces, urine and sewage. It often contains suspended solids or impurities, which are diluted with water, filtered and sprayed after fermentation.

4. Chemical liquid fertilizer application machine

The main varieties are liquid ammonia and ammonia water. Liquid ammonia is a colorless transparent liquid with a nitrogen content of 82.3%. It is an industrial raw material for the manufacture of nitrogen fertilizer. Its price is 30% and 40% lower than that of solid fertilizer, and the fertilizer effect is fast, and the effect of increasing production is remarkable. Therefore, the application amount of liquid ammonia in developed countries accounts for a large proportion of nitrogen fertilizer. However, because liquid ammonia can be kept liquid under high pressure (the steam pressure of liquid ammonia is 175kPa at 46.1 ℃), it must be shipped in high pressure tank, and there must be a set of high pressure facilities from factory, transportation, storage to field application, and the investment cost is very high, so this kind of fertilization machinery is greatly restricted in our country, and its application is not very wide.

5. Stable liquid application machine

Stable liquid mainly refers to the mixture of human and animal feces and urine and liquid fertilizer of biogas digest. it is an important source of organic fertilizer in agricultural production. There are two kinds of stable liquid fertilizing machine: branch pump type and self-priming type.

(1) pump type stable liquid sprinkler: it is used to pump the stable liquid from the septic tank into the liquid tank, and then pressurize the liquid tank by the pump or directly out of the liquid pump after it is transported to the field.

(2) self-priming stable liquid sprinkler: using the exhaust gas discharged by the engine of the tractor, the stable liquid is sucked into the liquid tank from the dung storage tank by the ejector, and then sprinkled. The stable liquid sprinkler has the advantages of simple structure and reliable use, which can not only improve efficiency, but also be beneficial to environmental hygiene.

Fertilization machinery is mainly used to apply base fertilizer in front of cultivated land, and the common types are barnyard manure spreader, liquid fertilizer sprayer, chemical fertilizer spreader and so on. Different kinds of fertilization machines have different working characteristics and principles. Be sure to carefully master the use skills and instructions before use.

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