Two path Choices for Agricultural scale Management

In some suburbs and developed areas of △, there are more opportunities for migrant workers, and a large number of rural labor force is basically or completely separated from agriculture. Large-scale production should be realized through the transfer of land management rights.

In the vast rural areas of △, a large number of young and middle-aged workers go out, and the phenomenon of concurrently is prominent. The scale of service should be realized through the development of agricultural productive services.

△ gives full play to the advantages of new production and service subjects to promote the development of modern agriculture.

Leading two kinds of scale operation direction with new production main body and service main body

The development of agricultural scale operation is the core and main line of changing the mode of agricultural development. During the 13th five-year Plan period, we must adhere to the basic direction of scale operation in order to take the road of modern agricultural development with Chinese characteristics. To develop various forms of moderate scale operation, proceeding from the national conditions of our country, complying with the trend of accelerated development of industrialization, informatization and urbanization, and adapting to the situation of massive transfer of rural labor force and continuous improvement of agricultural production conditions, there are two ways to choose:

One is that in the urban suburbs and developed areas where there are more job opportunities, obvious specialization trend, and a large number of rural labor force is basically or completely separated from agriculture, efforts should be made to cultivate a new type of agricultural production main body through the circulation of land management rights. to achieve large-scale operation of production and solve the problem of "who will cultivate the land". From the perspective of practice, the circulation area of rural land management rights reached 403 million mu in 2014, accounting for 30.4% of the household contracted arable land, while Shanghai, Jiangsu and Beijing reached 71.5%, 58.4% and 52% respectively. This fully proves that the more developed areas, the higher the proportion of land management rights transfer, the more obvious the scale operation formed by land transfer, the more need to cultivate a new type of production main body.

Second, in the vast rural areas where a large number of young and middle-aged workers go out, and the phenomenon of part-time industrialization is prominent, but the left-behind elderly people and women still have the time and willingness to work in agriculture, they should focus on developing agricultural productive services, cultivate new types of agricultural service subjects, and realize the large-scale operation of services, so as to solve the problem of "how to grow land well". In fact, the proportion of land transfer in Jilin, a major agricultural province, is 24%, 25.4% in Sichuan and 28.6% in Jiangxi, all of which are lower than the national average.

In order to meet the requirements of specialization, cultivate a new type of production main body and solve the problem of "who will farm the land", we need to emphasize that on the basis of continuing to support the development of ordinary farmers, we need to promote the orderly circulation of land management rights. focus on the development of family farms characterized by family management, moderate scale, industry-based, intensive production, and promote intensive agricultural management. In order to meet the needs of concurrently, cultivate new service subjects and solve the problem of "how to grow the land well", we need to emphasize the development of various forms of social services, focusing on the development of service-oriented farmers' cooperatives characterized by mutual assistance and cooperation. promote the standardized development of cooperatives and enhance their service capacity.

It should be noted that for all kinds of new types of production subjects and service subjects, there is no clear boundary between their organizational forms and operating mechanisms, and they may be represented by three major organizational forms: family management, cooperative management and enterprise management. in practice, most of the production subjects are also service subjects. We should give full play to their respective advantages, promote their mutual integration and coordinated development, and lead the two large-scale operation directions with the two main bodies to promote the development of modern agriculture.

Improve policy creation and solve the three major problems of "land, people and money"

To develop the two scale operations of production and service, and to create an external environment conducive to the healthy growth of the two main bodies of production and service, policy creation is of vital importance, with emphasis on solving the three major problems of "land, people, and money".

"how does the earth turn"? The principle is that no matter how the land is transferred, we should adhere to the agricultural use of agricultural land and strive to improve the efficiency of land use and allocation. We should improve the theory of "separation of rights", clearly put forward the idea that the rural land contract relationship will remain unchanged for a long time as soon as possible, and build an agricultural land system with a longer circulation period of land management rights and stable management expectations. Agricultural investment should be tilted towards the construction of farmland infrastructure, and the problem of fragmentation should be solved through land leveling and exchange in the near future. we will focus on the construction of irrigation and water conservancy and other production infrastructure that are urgently needed for large-scale production and scale services, as well as supporting service facilities such as centralized seedling raising, storage and drying, and yard shed. The newly added farmland after the formation of the ridge is allowed to be used as a new type of business main body supporting auxiliary facilities to solve the problem of insufficient land use indicators.

"how do people get in"? The goal is to make the main body of new agricultural production and service become the leading force in the development of modern agriculture, and farmers should be professional and professional. It is necessary to focus on traditional farmers, first-and second-generation migrant workers returning home, rural middle and high school graduates, and new farmers, and cultivate professional rural practical talents and management talents. the direction is to form a new type of agricultural production main body and service main body. It is necessary to formulate targeted and classified vocational education and various training project plans at the national level, focusing on enabling new agricultural operators to master various employment skills and improve professional quality to meet the requirements of modern agricultural development.

"how do you get the money"? The idea is to build an investment and financing system conducive to agricultural scale operation, and to stimulate farmers' enthusiasm by increasing government investment to pry financial capital and social capital, so as to achieve the "three breakthroughs". One is how to invest the country's money. It is necessary to make a breakthrough in the combination of land system and financial system innovation, and establish a stable input mechanism adapted to the development of agricultural scale operation. We will support qualified new operators to give priority to undertaking agriculture-related projects, and set up new types of agricultural operators to develop financial special projects to improve market competitiveness. The second is how to borrow money from the bank. It is necessary to make a breakthrough in establishing a medium-and long-term loan support system for agriculture, give financial discount to medium-and long-term large loans, improve the credit satisfaction of new operators, and solve the problem of insufficient investment in fixed assets. The third is how to use the farmers' money. It is necessary to make a breakthrough in establishing a mechanism for the healthy development of farmers' mutual assistance and cooperation in funds, encourage farmers to standardize the development of mutual assistance in funds and credit cooperation, use it for self-development of production and opening up markets, and at the same time strengthen regulatory measures to prevent alienation such as illegal fund-raising.