Techniques and matters needing attention of raising ducks in rural areas in winter

Duck farming in China has a long history. As early as 500 BC, there were records of raising ducks, eating duck meat and duck eggs in large groups in China. In the 1980s, the duck industry developed rapidly, with an average annual increase of 5% to 8%. According to the statistics of fao: in 2005, the stock of ducks in China exceeded 725 million, accounting for about 72% of the total stock in the world. Duck meat, duck eggs and down products have been exported to the European Union, Southeast Asia, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan and Hong Kong. China's annual output of down (feather) reaches 360000 tons, with duck down (feather) accounting for about 75%. Down products earned 1.8 billion US dollars for the country in 2005, accounting for about 55% of the world's down exports. The stock of adult egg ducks in China in 2005 was about 3.0 ~ 400 million, accounting for about 20.0% of the total egg production in China.

In 2005, the total annual output value of duck meat and duck down primary products has reached 50 billion yuan, and the total output value of duck eggs is about 38 billion yuan. The egg duck and meat duck industry consumes about 30 million tons of compound feed, worth 45 billion yuan, and promotes the development of down, food processing, catering and other industries. Therefore, the meat duck breeding industry is an important industry for farmers to obtain employment, get rid of poverty and increase their income. it has become a new bright spot for farmers to increase their income and plays a very important role in the construction of a new socialist countryside.

So what are the techniques and points for attention in raising ducks in rural areas in winter?

1. Temperature and ventilation

In winter, the problems of temperature and ventilation and the relationship between them should be solved and dealt with correctly, which will directly affect the overall production level. In general breeding farms, the heat preservation is mainly adjusted by simple furnace fire and agricultural film, and the indoor temperature of ducks of different ages should be strictly adjusted in accordance with the requirements of technical standards. The temperature was 34 ℃ ~ 27 ℃ before 7 days old, 26 ℃ ~ 18 ℃ from 8 days old to 21 days old, and 15 ℃ ~ 20 ℃ from 22 days old to listing.

Whether it is ventilated or not should be determined according to the concentration of ammonia and carbon dioxide in the duck house. generally, there is no dazzling and difficulty breathing when entering the duck house, and the temperature is suitable. A small ventilation hole can be opened above the roof of the duck house for small air ventilation. If you feel dazzling and have difficulty breathing when entering the duck house, you should find out the reasons for the high concentration of ammonia and carbon dioxide in the air, such as the dryness of the bedding grass, the sanitary condition of the drinking water feeder, disinfection and so on. Problems should be dealt with in time, at the same time open ceiling ventilation facilities or vents, air flow ventilation, do not carry out vertical and horizontal ventilation, resulting in a sudden drop in indoor temperature, leading to ducks catching cold.

2. Drinking water and water temperature control

Water is a necessary substance in the growth process of ducks. it should always provide ducks with easy-to-absorb, clean and hygienic drinking water, and pay attention to the temperature of drinking water, especially during the period of brooding. The ideal drinking water temperature of ducklings is 20 ℃ ~ 25 ℃, and that of middle adult ducks is 10 ℃ or slightly higher. Never let ducks drink ice water in winter. If the amount of water consumed by ducks decreases, the intake of ducks will decrease in 24 to 28 hours, thus affecting the growth rate, and the resistance of ducks to diseases will also be reduced accordingly.

3. Hygiene and disinfection

Sanitary disinfection is an important link in the basic management of raising ducks. In winter, the weather is changeable, the weather is rainy and snowy, and the temperature drops, which reduces the adaptability and body resistance of ducks. Therefore, the sanitary disinfection work must be timely, thorough and effective. Special attention should be paid to the environmental hygiene and disinfection of small and medium-sized duck houses to prevent ducklings from being infected with diseases and poor growth in the early stage. Disinfecting ducklings with ducklings every day is beneficial to purify the floor, bedding grass and air of ducklings, and prevent ducklings from infecting ducklings with infectious serositis through respiratory tract and injured skin.

The living space of ducks in winter is mostly indoors, and the cleanliness of indoor hygiene in duck houses is the key to solve the overall hygiene level of winter breeding. Practice has proved that the drying and hygiene of bedding grass directly affects the weight gain and feed-meat ratio of commercial ducks. Wet mat grass will produce a large amount of ammonia, resulting in air pollution in duck houses, leading to the epidemic of duck diseases and affecting growth and development.