What matters should be paid attention to in cultivating roses?

I believe that everyone is no stranger to roses. Bright colors and beautiful petals are gifts that no girl can refuse. Roses are easy to reproduce and cultivate. They can be planted on the ground or in pots. So how are roses raised? Is there any good method in breeding? What matters do you need to pay attention to when raising roses?

Rose culture methods (basic knowledge):

The best breeding time: spring and autumn can be carried out, autumn is better.

The best growing soil: well-drained, loose and fertile loam or light loam, but poor growth and flowering in clay loam.

Growth humidity requirements: rose is a sunny, cold-tolerant, drought-tolerant plant, if the air is moist, it will help its growth.

The optimum growth temperature is 12: 28 ℃ and can withstand the low temperature of-20 ℃.

The best growth light: no matter the ground, potted plants should be put in a sunny place, to receive more than 4 hours of direct sunlight every day. It cannot be placed for a long time in places where there is not enough light in the room. Enter the house in winter and put it in the sunny place.

Points for attention in cultivating roses:

Fertilizer application: when the plant grows to about 25cm, it begins to press the branch, and the pressing time is carried out at noon on a sunny day, otherwise it is easy to break. It usually takes 5 years after rose planting, so it is necessary to apply more and heavy fertilizer, such as organic fertilizer 60t/hm2, diammonium phosphate 750kg/hm2, calcium superphosphate 2250kg/hm2, organic fertilizer should be fully mature.

Watering points: watering and topdressing should be carried out according to soil conditions, climatic conditions and the growth state of branches and leaves. In the process of rose cultivation, if the soil moisture is insufficient, it will cause the positive leaves of the plant to fall off. When the surface is dry, it should be watered in time to keep the ground moist.

Pruning essentials: the pruning time of roses is after flowering, it is best to keep it low, but it is necessary to determine according to buds and tree potential, the tree potential is weak and cut from the strong buds to promote strong branches, and the tree potential is cut from the weak buds to balance the tree potential. as for the messy branches to be cleaned up after flowering. When the tree is balanced, the blossom will be even. In addition, roses often emerge from the ground near the old ones, and it is best to cut off and plant them in the second year, which is beneficial to both plants.

Pot soil replacement: turn the soil deeply before planting, and disinfect the soil with bitter, so that the soil and fertilizer are completely mixed. Make border width 12cm, furrow width 40cm, border length 5.5m ~ 6.0m. Do not beat the soil too fine, too fine and poor, resulting in slow seedlings and slow growth in the later stage.

Key points of reproduction: put the seeds harvested in autumn into a plastic bag filled with moist sand and place them in the environment of freezing at night and thawing in the daytime. After about one month, the seeds are gradually heated to about 20 ℃. The seeds can be sowed after the seeds germinate (or stored in sand to sow in the spring of the following year), and then planted when the seedlings grow 3-5 leaflets.

Disease and insect control: powdery mildew: when infected, the leaves show protuberance, the convex color becomes light and powdery, the leaves form uneven and gradually curl up, the bacteria spread, the whole back of the leaves is covered with a layer of gray-white mold, and when serious, buds, pedicels, whole branches, leaves are covered with a layer of mold, new buds and leaves are curled up. Prevention methods: regular spraying, with 600 times of nitrilazole, 800 times of chlorothalonil and other agents. Spraying the medicine every 7-10 days and spraying water on the leaves can effectively reduce the occurrence of powdery mildew. Cut off the diseased branches and leaves as soon as possible to reduce the chance of retransmission.

Aquaculture of roses:

1. Generally use special hydroponic flowerpots without bottom holes and double-layer screen pots inside and outside; for ordinary families, instruments with a certain degree of transparency should be used. The planting season is arranged from mid-April to mid-late June and from late September to early November. During this period, the temperature is suitable, the life activities of roses are exuberant, and planting and water planting are easy to take root.

2. Select roses with good plant shape and strong growth, and rinse off the mud or other media from the roots with water. The plant with weak growth potential has less nutrients and slow physiological activity, and root washing water cultivation will affect its root and growth, so it is not suitable to be selected. For some flower species suitable for hydroponic cultivation, the fully developed semi-mature branches can also be cut during the vegetative growth period and inserted in water to let them take root. Succulent and pulpy plant, the stem has tender water storage tissue, the branches should not be directly inserted into the water after being cut from the mother, but the cuttings should be placed in a cool and dry place for 2-3 days, and water insertion should be carried out after the wound is fully dry.

Experience of cultivating roses:

Roses are afraid of waterlogging. if potted roses are overwatered or ground roses are planted in low-lying water, the lower leaves will yellowing and fall off, and even cause death. The control measures are as follows:

1. Choose good drainage media and plant in high and cool places, and timely drainage and waterlogging prevention in rainy season.

2. Potted roses should not be watered too many times a day, followed by each day; when it is too hot in summer, water should be watered once in the morning and evening every day; and water should be controlled in winter.

3. If the lower leaves of the rose have turned yellow, stop watering immediately. Potted roses should loosen the soil or medium around the plant and let the water evaporate as soon as possible. If the roses planted in the ground encounter continuous rainy days, dig drainage ditches around the plants to remove the stagnant water in time.

The prevention and control measures of yellowing and shedding of the lower leaves of roses are as follows:

① should choose good drainage medium and plant in high and cool places, and timely drainage and waterlogging prevention in rainy season.

② potted roses should not be watered too many times a day, just once a day. When summer is too hot, water should be watered once a day in the morning and evening, and water should be controlled in winter.

③ if the lower leaves of the rose have yellowed, stop watering immediately. Potted roses should loosen the soil or medium around the plant and let the water evaporate as soon as possible. If the roses planted in the ground encounter continuous rainy days, they should dig drainage ditches around the plants and remove the stagnant water in time.