Techniques and matters needing attention of raising ducks under rural forests

Nowadays, raising ducks under the forest has become a new mode of breeding, and the quality of free-range ducks is always better than that of captive ducks. The specific techniques and precautions for raising ducks are as follows:

1. Variety selection

Duck breeding under the forest should choose varieties with strong stress resistance, which are not only suitable for captive breeding, but also can be stocked in low mountain and hilly areas, with wide diet, large appetite, well-developed muscle and stomach and strong digestion. Shanma duck, which originated in Longyan area of Fujian Province, is one of the excellent egg duck breeds in China, which has the advantages of early laying, high egg laying and wide adaptability, so it is suitable for various ways of breeding in rural areas. Ji'an red duck has stable genetic performance, good production performance and resistance to rough feeding. Strong foraging ability, tender meat, high lean meat rate, synchronous feather growth and body weight growth are suitable for raising in rural areas.

The raising stage of ducklings, commonly known as raising young ducklings, is a very important basic stage of raising ducklings, so it must be managed scientifically to create suitable temperature, humidity, air, light, nutrition and clean and quiet environment for ducklings, so as to minimize the impact of bad stress.

Brooding season is critical, duck seedlings mainly choose spring chicks and summer chicks. Spring chicks refer to the ducklings hatched from March to May. In spring, the climate gradually warms up, the sun is sufficient, which is beneficial to the growth of ducklings, and the survival rate and health rate are high. In the middle duck stage, due to the suitable temperature, long outside activity time, good physique, fast growth and weight gain. Spring brooding should pay attention to do a good job of heat preservation, spring rainy and humid, changeable climate, disease easy to invade, so in the hot summer breeding period to do a good job of summer shading and other work.

Summer chicks refer to the ducklings hatched from June to August, when high temperature and humidity, poor appetite, affected growth and development, low productivity of adult birds, and heavy workload of heat prevention and cooling. However, summer chicks generally do not need heating and heat preservation, as long as the meat commercial duck is properly done to prevent the heat, the feeding cost will not be very high.

2. The way of brooding

According to the specific conditions of the existing duck house, a variety of brooding methods can be adopted. Ducks under the forest should be concentrated after nestling, and then scattered into the forest for grazing.

The flat ground nestling is directly covered with thick bedding materials on the duck house floor, such as shavings, coarse sawdust, dry grass, dry sand and so on. The bedding materials should be cleaned and changed regularly to keep them clean and dry. this method is simple and easy, the cost is not high, but it is not easy to control the disease, and the effect of brooding is average.

The ground of the half-ground and half-net ducklings house 1Accord 3 is laid off the ground net surface, in addition, the ground does not lay the net, only the bedding material. All drinking water is placed on the Internet so that the floor of the house is kept dry. Note that the slope of the slope must be less than 25 degrees. The cost of this method is moderate, and it is beneficial to cleaning, and the effect is ideal, so it is more commonly used.

Carton brooding uses ordinary larger cardboard boxes to raise ducklings. This method does not need heat source to supply temperature in warm weather, and can raise chicks by self-heating, which greatly reduces the cost of heat preservation, and is simple and easy, and the investment is small. However, attention should be paid to keeping dry, hygienic and ventilated, and holes are often drilled in the paper wall for ventilation. As the ducklings grow up, some ducklings are gradually removed to other cardboard boxes or nurseries, so that the feeding density is moderate and the temperature is gradually de-heated. Therefore, the method is greatly affected by the weather, the work is complicated, and the number of brooding is limited, so it is suitable for small-scale breeding.

3. Daily management

Ventilation at present, most open duck houses take adjusting the temperature and humidity as the main standard for ventilation, and the ventilation is controlled by the number of doors and windows and the length of opening and closing time. Windows should be set in high places, so that the wind can not reach the duck body, but also conducive to the removal of hotter and lighter exhaust gas. At the same time, prevent the cold and poor growth of ducklings caused by thieves and temperature fluctuations.

The density of ducklings is usually 400-1000. When raising ducklings on the ground, there are about 20 ducklings per square meter in the first week, 14 ducklings per square meter in the second week, and no more than 10 ducklings after the third week.

The temperature must be suitable for ducklings to grow, and the indoor temperature should not rise or fall greatly. The temperature was 28 ℃ ~ 30 ℃ at 3 days old, 24 ℃ ~ 26 ℃ at 4 days old, 20 ℃ ~ 23 ℃ at 7 days old, and so on after 11 days. In the early stage, when the indoor temperature is lower than 20 ℃, infrared light or electric hot plate can be used for heating. Pay attention to prevent the accumulation of ducks and evacuate in time.

Humidity when raising chicks, the appropriate relative humidity is 56%-70%, which is close to the humidity in the machine when the ducklings are hatched, which can prevent the ducklings from emitting a large amount of water from the body due to breathing dry air, affecting the normal function of the body.

After the light ducklings start feeding, the food intake is small and the feeding speed is slow. in order to ensure that the ducklings have enough time for feeding and drinking water, 24-hour light is generally used in the first 3 days, that is, artificial light is increased at night. the light intensity should be that ducklings can see feed and drinking water.

The procedures and types of immunization vary from region to region, depending on the occurrence of local infectious diseases. It is best for poultry disease experts to investigate, formulate a good immunization plan and strictly implement it.

Timely elimination as raising ducks in rice fields is mainly carried out under natural and extensive conditions, ducks must be healthy. Ducks with poor health and poor growth should be eliminated in due course.

4. Feeding ducklings

The duckling must drink water within 24 hours after it comes out of its shell. Generally, the duckling is put into a 1 cm deep and shallow water basin for a few minutes to wet its feet and drink water, which is commonly known as "point water". The water quality must be fresh, clean and the water temperature is close to room temperature. with the increase of age, the amount of drinking water of ducklings increases, often wash drinking water utensils and replace dirty drinking water and fill it with fresh water.

Start eating within 24-28 hours after the duckling comes out of its shell, no more than 36 hours at the latest. When all the ducklings drink water, let the ducklings eat. Ducklings should be fed less and more meals in the first few days after eating, that is, they should be fed 7 to 8 times a day, each time a small amount, but to ensure that the ducklings have enough to eat. In the future, the ducklings will be allowed to eat and drink freely, and there will be no artificial light at night.

The ducklings should be fed with fresh, clean, nutritious, moderate particle size, good palatability and easy digestion. During the period of 10 to 15 days, each duck was fed 500 grams of full-price feed in stages, and a small amount of rice was mixed in the process of feeding. Then, with rice plus rice, chopped corn and other cereal feed to the weight of more than 75 grams, can be put into the field.

In order to supplement the lack of feed during the stocking period, ducks should be replenished at the right time. The stocking of ducklings begins at the age of 4 weeks, and the early stage is the nestling stage, which can be raised in captivity and cage. The ducklings were replenished once in the morning and evening to supplement the energy deficiency.

There are many advantages of raising ducks under the forest, so do not spray pesticides when raising ducks, so as not to cause food poisoning when ducks find food and eat pesticides.