What did the mink grow up on, the king of Qiu? Vegetables, feed or meat?

Mink is a kind of fur that is relatively expensive in our country, and it has the laudatory name of soft gold in foreign countries. because there are few breeding areas in our country, many people raise minks themselves to make money, but if they want to raise minks well, they need to understand the living habits of minks. what did the mink eat to grow up? Feed or meat?

Minks are carnivores, like to eat fish, shrimp, frogs, snakes, wild rats, hares, birds and other birds, in addition to mating and lactation, more scattered alone. Of course, farmers can also feed their own feed.

Mink feed ratio:

Mink feed includes animal feed, plant feed, vitamins and minerals. Animal feed includes livestock and poultry meat, fish, dairy products, eggs, silkworm pupae and other small animals. Plant feed includes cereals, legumes, fruits and vegetables. Vitamin feed often refers to cod liver oil, VE, VB, VC and so on. Mineral feed is mostly finger bone powder, salt and so on.

Mink breeding period requires animal feed not less than 60%. The animal feed of commercial mink during the breeding period and the non-breeding period of mink can be appropriately reduced, while the plant feed can be increased appropriately. Diet preparation: take the second trimester of female mink as an example, the total diet of each mink is 300 grams, which contains about 30 grams of digestible protein. Diet formula: 15% meat, 10% milk eggs, 10% grains, 15% vegetables, 15% water. The weight of each feed was calculated according to the above diet ratio.

Calculate the total amount of each kind of feed according to your own feeding. After the total amount is weighed, the processing begins. Fresh meat, fresh fish and by-products should be washed to remove excessive fat. Frozen fish, frozen meat defrosted after fat and decontamination. The stale animal feed should be soaked and disinfected with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution, washed and then processed. Generally, it should be cooked and fed to prevent infection. Meat meal, fish meal, bone and meat dregs, silkworm pupa, etc., need to be soaked in clean water for 4 hours, then softened and mixed with grain flour to make a nest head steamed and then beaten into a paste to feed the mink. Cow's and sheep's milk should be boiled and sterilized before mixing into the feed. The eggs should be beaten well with water, steamed into tender cakes and mixed with feed. Vegetables should be removed, washed, pulped and mixed with feed.

I. Animal feed

1. Meat feed

Meat feed is an important source of full-price protein feed. It contains the same amount and proportion of essential amino acids as minks, as well as fats, vitamins and minerals. There are many kinds of meat feed with strong palatability. As long as the meat of all kinds of animals is fresh, disease-free and non-toxic, it can be used.

Meat feed can account for 15%-20% of animal feed in the diet, and no more than 50% of animal feed. When using meat feed, it is necessary to go through health and quarantine, those without disease can be fed raw, the available diseased livestock and poultry meat or contaminated meat should be treated at high temperature and harmless before consumption, and those that cannot be used should be prohibited. In addition to high temperature and high pressure treatment, pox pork should remove part of the fat as far as possible. At the same time, increase the amount of vitamin E feeding, and with a certain proportion of low-fat fish, rabbit head, rabbit skeleton or fish meal.

The nutritional value of meat is higher, but the price is also higher, so it should be used reasonably. During the breeding period and the growth period of cubs, the proportion of meat feed can be appropriately increased to improve the biological value of protein in diet.

2. Meat by-products

Meat by-products, including head, skeleton, viscera and blood of livestock and poultry, have been widely used in production practice. In addition to liver, heart, kidney and blood, these products have low protein digestibility and biological value. Therefore, the amount of mink fed with these by-products should be appropriate and should be matched with other feeds. Be careful not to feed hormone-containing by-products during the breeding season. Meat by-products generally account for 30% or 40% of animal feed.

3. Milk

Dairy feed is one of the sources of total protein in minks, which is generally used only in the breeding period and the growth period of young minks, which can promote the lactation of female minks and the growth and development of young minks. During pregnancy, you can generally feed 30 grams of fresh milk per day, no more than 50 grams of milk, no more than 60 grams of fresh milk, and 15 grams of milk in other periods. Fresh milk must be heated for 15 minutes under the condition of 70-80 ℃. No fresh milk can be replaced with whole milk powder.

4. Egg feed

The eggs and eggs of all kinds of poultry are feeds with high biological value, and the utilization effect is better in the breeding period. Egg feed should be cooked, otherwise due to the existence of antibiotic protein, the mink will have dermatitis, depilation and other diseases. During the period of preparing for mating, the dosage of 10 grams each of male minks can improve the semen quality. The diet of pregnant and lactating female minks with 20 grams of fresh eggs is not only beneficial to embryonic development and improve the vitality of young minks, but also promote the secretion of milk.

5. Fish feed

Fish feed is one of the important sources of mink animal protein with extensive resources and low price. There are many kinds of fish, which can be divided into marine miscellaneous fish and freshwater fish. These fish can be used as feed for minks except puffer fish which are poisonous.

Fresh marine miscellaneous fish can be fed raw, which has strong palatability and high protein digestibility. Slightly deteriorated marine miscellaneous fish need to be cooked and fed after cooking and disinfection. A few marine miscellaneous fish and most freshwater fish contain thiamine toxic enzyme, which can destroy vitamin B1 (thiamine). It often causes vitamin B1 deficiency after raw feeding, and should be cooked and fed after cooking.

When all mink diets are fed with fish as animal feed, they can account for 70%-75% of the dietary weight, and a variety of fish should be mixed, and attention should be paid to the supply of vitamin B1 and vitamin E in order to ensure good production results. If fish, meat and by-products are matched, fish can account for 40% or 50% of animal feed. The content of unsaturated lipoencephalic acid in fish feed is high, which is easy to oxidize and rancidity, and the protein of fish is also easy to decay. The proportion of some essential amino acids is also significantly different from that of meat, so the effect of mink culture with fish is not as good as that of mixed fish, especially when the fish species is too single.

6. Dry animal feed

The commonly used dried animal feeds are fish meal, dried fish, blood meal and feather meal, etc.

Fish meal contains 40% 60% protein and 2.5% salt 4%. Mink is fed with fresh high-quality fish meal. During the growth period of young animals, it accounts for 20%-25% of animal protein in diet and 40%-45% of animal protein in non-breeding period. Fish meal has a high salt content and must be thoroughly soaked in clean water before use. Change the water for 2 or 3 times during soaking.

The key to raising marten with dried fish lies in the quality of dried fish. High-quality dried fish can account for 70%-75% of dietary animal feed, but during the mink breeding period, it must be matched with 25%-30% full-price protein feed (fresh meat, eggs, milk and pig liver, etc.). During the growing period of young mink and winter hair, fresh pox pork or vegetable oil must be added to make up for the lack of dried fish fat.

Blood meal contains more than 80% protein, including lysine, methionine, arginine and cystine, which has a good effect on young mink growth and plush growth. High-quality blood meal can be fed to minks, but it is not easy to digest, so the dosage is not easy to be too high, accounting for 20% or 25% of dietary animal feed. The amount of feed should be gradually increased during feeding and should be matched with other feeds after cooking.

The protein of feather powder is rich in cystine, which has a good effect on the formation of mink winter hair. One month before changing hair in spring and autumn, 2-3 grams of feather meal were added to the diet for 3 months, which had the effect of relieving self-biting and feathering. Feather meal should be steamed and fed with cereal feed.

II. Plant feed

Mink plant feed includes grains, cakes (meals), fruits and vegetables, etc., which can provide rich carbides and a variety of vitamins for minks.

Cereal feed generally accounts for 10% to 15% of the daily weight of minks and is mainly composed of corn, soybeans, barley and by-products. Among them, legumes generally account for 20%-30% of dietary grains, and excessive feeding can easily cause indigestion. In practice, the mixing ratio of soybean flour to corn flour and wheat flour is 1 ∶ 2 ∶ 1. The effect of processing soybean into soybean milk instead of dairy feed is also better. Cereals should be cooked and fed. Moldy and deteriorated grains are easy to cause aflatoxin poisoning in minks, and feeding is strictly prohibited. Feed is rich in protein, but mink digestibility is low, the proportion in the diet should not be too large, generally not more than 20% of grain, otherwise it will cause indigestion and dysentery.

The common vegetables in fruit and vegetable feed are cabbage, cabbage, rape, carrots, spinach and so on. Vegetables are rich in vitamins, which are the main sources of vitamin E, K and C. Vegetables generally account for 10% to 15% of the total diet. When using, it is best to match two or more kinds of vegetables and pay attention to their freshness. Rotten vegetables contain nitrite, which can lead to nitrite poisoning in minks. Vegetables sprayed with pesticides must not be fed until the effect disappears. Unrotten melons and fruits can also replace some vegetables.

III. Additive feed

Vitamin and mineral additives can supplement the deficiency of vitamin A, B, C, E, calcium, phosphorus and trace elements in feed, and play an important role in ensuring the nutritional needs of minks and promoting normal growth and reproduction. During the breeding period, the amount of feeding can be increased according to the situation.

Antibiotics and antioxidants play an important role in inhibiting harmful microorganisms and preventing feed spoilage. In summer and in the growing period, it can prevent gastroenteritis and promote the growth and development of young minks.