"Top Ten famous Flowers in China" what are the breeding methods and matters needing attention of rhododendron? When will it blossom? How many times a year?

Rhododendron, also known as Yingshanhong and pomegranate, is an evergreen or ordinary green shrub. Is one of the top ten famous flowers in China, among all ornamental flowers and trees, it can be called flowers, leaves and beauty, suitable for both ground and pot plants, and the azaleas are the most widely used. What are the breeding methods and matters needing attention of azaleas? When will it blossom? How many times a year?

Introduction to Azalea

According to legend, in ancient times, there were cuckoos, whining day and night and hemoptysis, dyed red flowers all over the mountain, hence the name. Azaleas generally bloom in spring, each cluster of 2-6 flowers, Corolla funnel-shaped, there are red, light red, apricot red, snow blue, white and so on, luxuriant and colorful. Born in mountainous sparse thickets or pine forests at an altitude of 500-1200 (- 2500) m, it is a typical indicator plant for acidic soil in south-central and southwest China.

The whole plant of this species is used for medicine: it can activate qi and blood, tonify deficiency, treat internal injury cough, kidney deficiency deafness, irregular menstruation, rheumatism and other diseases. Because the Corolla is bright red, it is a famous flower plant, which has high ornamental value and is cultivated in parks all over the world. China's Jiangxi, Anhui and Guizhou use azaleas as provincial flowers, while Changsha, Wuxi, Jiujiang, Zhenjiang, Dali, Jiaxing and Ganzhou are designated as city flowers as many as seven or eight cities. In May 1985, rhododendron was named as the sixth of the top ten famous flowers in China.

Culture methods of rhododendron

First, environmental conditions: it is best to have indoor and indoor environments for the cultivation of rhododendron. The indoor environment is used in winter. Outdoor site, used in summer and autumn, it is better to use clay land, and avoid cement land. The site should be spacious, ventilated and shady, with shade sheds, covered with Reed curtains or protected by natural trees, with a light transmittance of about 30%. Avoid sunning at night.

Second, basin soil requirements: azaleas like loose, strong permeability, good drainage, rich in humus acid soil, H value of 5.0-6.0 if the use of clay or alkaline soil, it is difficult to live. Summer cuckoos and rhododendrons, in particular, must be mountain soil. The mountain soil needs to be reformed. at present, three kinds of culture soil are usually used.

Third, flowerpot selection: cultivated rhododendron flowerpots, generally choose mud pots and purple sand pots. The mud basin is well ventilated and permeable, and it is used in the cultivation of production units. The molded azaleas, especially the modeled azaleas, are furnished for indoor and outdoor furnishings, generally planted in a beautiful and quaint purple sand basin with delicate texture, rich color and beautiful shape, which can double the ornamental value.

Fourth, improve water quality: it is best to use Rain Water to water azaleas, followed by river and pond water. If tap water is used, it is appropriate to store the water for 1-2 days and let the chlorine volatilize and then use. Add 0.2% ferrous sulfate when used, and water it every 7-10 days during the growing season. Use it frequently to ensure that the soil is acidic.

Fifth, fertilizer and water management: azaleas like yin and dampness, should not be too dry. More moisture is needed during flowering. The azaleas have entered a dormant period in winter and do not require much water. They are generally watered every 4-5 days, and should be carried out around noon on sunny and warm days.

Sixth, outdoor shading: it is appropriate to see more sunlight before leaving the room and before civilization; during flowering, shading should be carried out for a short time at noon, and the light transmittance is 60%.

7. Shaping and pruning: azaleas grow slowly and are generally allowed to grow naturally, only after flowering, cutting off long branches, diseased and weak branches, deformed branches and damaged branches.

Eighth, disease prevention and pest control: military insects (also known as crown net bugs) are sprayed with 1500 times of dimethoate during the damage period, once every 7 days for 3 times in a row. The control methods of terminal bud leaf rollers are mainly killed by artificial capture, and the larvae or pupae can also be sprayed with 2000 times of dimethoate EC or 1500 times of dichlorvos.

Matters needing attention in cultivating azaleas

1. The roots of azaleas are as thin as hair, and there are few thick taproots. They are afraid of both dry and wet, especially heavy fertilizer. If too much watering, the root is soaked in water, too dry, branches and leaves atrophy, leaf petal fall off, a great threat to the plant, as for watering heavy fertilizer, it will be life-threatening.

2. after the flower fade, the residual flowers must be cut off to avoid fruiting and wasting nutrition. after the new branches germinate, they should be thinned properly and stay according to the growth of the plant.

3. Rhododendron is most suitable to be planted in a muddy basin, because the mud basin absorbs water and breathes air, which is beneficial to the growth and development of roots and luxuriant branches and leaves.

4. Potted azaleas should be placed on the southeast balcony and should be ventilated and moved as little as possible. If it is not ventilated, it is easy to suffer from black spot disease and a large number of fallen leaves.

5. Azaleas should also have moderate requirements for light, and avoid direct light in summer.

6. timely thinning of buds and leaves, removing part of the buds and leaves that have grown too much and too dense, so that the air is well ventilated and nutrients are concentrated on the buds. After the formation of buds, it is necessary to increase nutrition and apply more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, otherwise the buds will be transformed into leaf buds.

7. The main reasons for azaleas falling leaves and not blooming are: too much direct light in summer, frostbite, too much watering, too thick fertilization, too long indoor time, poor air circulation or dark and humid places, acid rain, and so on. so these situations should be avoided in the process of maintenance.

8. Turning the basin and changing the soil do not need to be carried out every year, usually once every 2 to 3 years, with as little damage to the roots as possible. The time should be after the blossom fade or in autumn, and topirazine should be sprayed at the same time to prevent diseases.

9. The pests of azaleas are mainly red spiders and aphids, which can be sprayed with permethrin, and the effect is better, such as not dying after three days, spray again.

10. The propagation method of rhododendron is mainly cutting. Before and after Grain in Beard, select new branches, 5 cm to 10 cm long, cut off at the bifurcation point, peel off the lower leaves, leave 3 to 4 top leaves, insert the 1x3 of the branches into the soil, spray enough water, and cover with plastic film. It is necessary to strengthen the management at ordinary times and transplant a year later.

When will the azaleas blossom

1. Flowering time of rhododendron

Different rhododendron varieties, different conservation areas, flowering time is also different. In most cases, the flowering period is between April and June, and if the light is sufficient, the flowering can last for a month. If it is not properly maintained, it can only be opened for 1 week or 2 weeks.

In addition, the florescence of spring cuckoo is April, that of summer cuckoo is from May to June, and that of other varieties is between spring and summer. For the region, rhododendron cultivated in greenhouse in the north can blossom from January to February, from March to May in the open field, and from July to August in the environment with high altitude.

2. Rhododendron blossoms several times a year

Rhododendrons generally have three kinds of flowering periods. Spring rhododendrons usually bloom between April and May, all blooming first and then new leaves, while summer rhododendrons bloom from May to June and then bloom. The florescence of Spring and Summer Juan is somewhere between the two, and flowers and leaves sprout almost at the same time. In general, each variety of rhododendron blossoms only once a year, and the hybrid varieties can bloom alternately in the last pot at home. But now there are places where rhododendrons blossom all the year round.

A brief introduction to the strain and florescence of rhododendron

Rhododendron is divided into "five" strains: spring rhododendron strain, summer rhododendron strain, rhododendron strain, rhododendron strain and alpine rhododendron strain.

1. Spring cuckoo blossoms in April: refers to the varieties that blossom first and then sprout, and bloom in mid-April, late April and early May. The so-called spring cuckoo was first introduced to Shanghai by Mr. Shen Yuanru from Japan in the 1920s and 1930s. At the same time, local florists formed domestic endemic varieties through breeding and hybridization of the original species. It was named Spring Cuckoo because it blossomed in spring, and it continues to this day.

2. Summer cuckoo blossoms in May: it grows branches and leaves first in spring and blossoms from May to early June, so it is called summer cuckoo. The main parents of summer cuckoos are said to be Gaoyue rhododendron and May rhododendron.

3. East rhododendron blossoms in spring: it is a variety of Japanese rhododendron and its numerous hybrid progenies, introduced from Japan, and is called East rhododendron corresponding to western rhododendron.

4. The florescence of rhododendron can be advanced to New Year's Day and Spring Festival: (1) the plant is low, half-open, slow-growing, evergreen; (2) the branches are thick, short and powerful, and the green branches are green or red, which are related to the flower color, and the red branches have more red flowers. The green branches have white, pink and peach flowers; (3) the leaves are thick, dark green, concentrated branches, and the leaf size is between the big leaf rhododendron and east cuckoo in spring cuckoo, with less hairs on the leaf surface and more shape changes. The color of the flower can be known slightly from the change of the color of the leaf tip, such as the tip is white and transparent, the color of the flower is white or other light color, the tip is red, the flower is red.

5. Alpine rhododendron blossoms from April to May: for rhododendron family alpine evergreen shrubs or small trees. The flower type is mainly sleeve and double, and there are also a few single petals, and the florescence is about 1 month. The colors are white, pink, light red, pink, yellow and so on. Generally grow in the mountains of 600-800 meters above sea level, strong adaptability, after artificial domestication, cultivation is expected to become an evergreen ornamental plant in the garden green space.

The moral of azaleas

Azaleas are auspicious and beautiful flowers in China. During festivals and festivals, azaleas are often used to decorate public places to express the meaning of celebrating the prosperity of the motherland. The gift of azaleas to international friends means that China has a long culture and prosperous civilization, and wishes the friendship will last forever. The gift of azaleas to overseas compatriots symbolizes the concern and yearning of relatives of the motherland for their naked children overseas. Give azaleas to friends and wish you a bright future. People who travel far away give each other azaleas to express their homesickness and homesickness.