Can musk deer be artificially bred? How to apply for breeding spirit musk deer? What should I pay attention to?

Musk deer, also known as musk deer, musk deer. There are 5 species of forest musk deer, horse musk deer, original musk deer, black musk deer and Himalayan musk deer. The perfume formed by the secretion in the navel gland sac of male musk deer is musk, which is not only a very valuable medicine, but also a very valuable spice. This has also led to a sharp decline in the number of musk deer, which are constantly hunted for musk. So the state approved the artificial breeding of musk deer.

The resources of musk deer in China are facing a serious crisis. The population of musk deer has dropped from 2.5 million in the 1950s to tens of thousands.

The reasons for the decline of musk resources are as follows:

(1) the price difference between domestic and foreign musk is too large, the international price of musk is rising, and the high profit of musk smuggling stimulates excessive hunting.

(2) Human economic activities lead to the islanding and fragmentation of musk deer habitat.

At present, the state has asked for a total ban on hunting musk deer from the wild, to further standardize musk domestication and breeding, to study and establish an incentive mechanism of "who invests, who owns, and who benefits", and to guide and encourage relevant Chinese medicine enterprises to actively participate in musk artificial breeding.

The experiment of artificial breeding of musk deer has been carried out in China since 1958 and has been successful, in which forest musk deer is the main breeding species, and the breeding quantity of forest musk deer accounts for 86.8% of the total breeding in the country. By the end of 2011, the State Forestry Administration had approved 17 musk deer breeding units and about 30 farms or self-employed without approval or approved by local forestry bureaus. However, there are still many factors restricting the scale expansion of musk deer breeding industry, such as management problems, weak breeding and breeding strength, high cost of raising musk deer, high incidence of musk population, lack of suitable site selection and so on.

How to apply for raising musk deer:

Breeding enterprises need to check their names at their subordinate branches and submit relevant documents such as Animal epidemic Prevention Inspection Certificate, Environmental Assessment report and Animal Husbandry record form issued by animal husbandry and epidemic prevention departments before applying for registration.

The construction of aquaculture enterprises shall be in line with the overall plan of the city's economic and social development and the development plan of animal husbandry. There are strict standards and requirements in site selection, hardware facilities construction, breeding scale and production management records. Aquaculture enterprises had better consult the animal husbandry and veterinary departments when selecting the site.

If it involves animals protected by the state, in addition to going through the normal breeding procedures, breeding enterprises also need to apply for a "training certificate" from the competent forestry department of the county, city and district where they are located.

The cultivation of forest musk deer should pay attention to the following four points:

I. site selection of forest musk deer farm

When establishing forest musk deer artificial breeding farms, whether in captivity or in bulk, slopes with an altitude of more than 1000 meters, few people, quiet environment and lush forest and grass should be selected, preferably where there are mountain springs. If it is fenced, choose a gentle slope facing south and rich in plant species in the area. The area of the fenced bulk culture site should be determined according to the breeding scale, and the fence should be strong and have protective measures to avoid injuries when forest musk deer chase each other.

II. Selection of green feed and preparation of fine feed

The main results are as follows: 1. the choice of green fodder forest musk deer farms are generally built on slopes with lush water and grass, and the plant species that like to eat are collected for daily feeding. Forage can also be artificially planted and dried for storage as a supplement to green fodder in the withered season. The main types of forage grass used in ordinary feeding are: apricot leaves, mulberry leaves, beam cotyledons, locust leaves, elm leaves, crop leaves and the stems and leaves of some other herbaceous plants, as well as some juicy red and white radishes, pumpkins, apples, sweet potatoes and so on.

2. The two formulations with better effect of concentrate feed are: ① corn meal, soybean meal, wheat bran, oil dregs and eggshell powder can be formulated into concentrate according to the proportion of 50-30-10-5-5; ② corn meal, soybean meal, wheat bran, bone meal, fish meal and additives can be formulated into concentrate according to the ratio of 40-25-25-5-4. According to the preparation method of concentrate, the proportion of each component can be adjusted according to the different development stages of forest musk deer.

III. Feed matching and artificial feeding

The main results are as follows: 1. Feed with adult musk deer feed about 1000 grams per day, concentrate about 100g, each feeding more than 5 kinds of forage species. Forest musk deer have different nutritional needs in different biological periods. Therefore, in the process of feeding, the collocation of feed and its quantity should be adjusted in time in order to achieve good results.

2. Artificial feeding forest musk deer is usually fed three times a day, 6 ~ 7 o'clock in the morning, 1 ~ 2 o'clock at noon and 6 ~ 7 o'clock in the evening, which can be slightly advanced in summer and delayed slightly in winter. The proportion of diets fed is 30% in the morning, 20% in the afternoon and 50% in the evening. Grass and feed are eaten separately and concentrate feeding is carried out individually. Feed it once in the afternoon. Concentrate feeding should not be too much, artificial feeding should be fixed and quantitative, which is conducive to the establishment of good food reflex and improve the digestive function of musk body. In addition, we should also pay attention to the drinking water of musk deer. The time, frequency and quality of water supply have a direct impact on its various physiological processes. Practice has proved that natural spring water is the best drinking water for musk deer. When changing the type of feed in different seasons, it should be replaced gradually. It can't be replaced directly. If you suddenly change a large number of feed, it is easy to lead to diet, diarrhea and other adverse consequences.

IV. Disease prevention

The common diseases of forest musk deer are enteritis, cold, rumen accumulated food, osteomalacia, abscess and so on. Once the disease occurs, the cure rate of forest musk deer is very low. in order to reduce the loss caused by disease and death of forest musk deer, the key is to prevent it in advance.

1. Dig a shallow pool at the door of the enclosure and put lime into the pool to make a disinfection pool. when the personnel enter the pool, step on the pool a few times to sterilize and disinfect the shoes.

2. The enclosure is disinfected once a month, which is used alternately with soda water, potassium permanganate solution and lime. The disinfection of each small room should be fine, and the wet accumulation of urine in the room should be cleaned at any time or covered with dry soil. The area where there are feces in the activity site should also be carefully disinfected.

3. The green forage grass can not be fed due to the accumulation of fever and blackened leaves, the soil on the forage grass can not be fed, and corn flour can not be fed continuously.

4. Observe whether the feces are normal every day, otherwise change the grass. Stool into a ball, thin, immediately feed Ixeris, dandelion, plough grass, stop concentrate, or wheat bran fried yellow use.

5, observe the musk body, the nose color is oil black and bright, the eyes are powerful, it belongs to normal. Clear nose is cold, light ones are fine, and heavy ones should be fed with cold medicine.

6. Feed more carrots in winter. Its function is that carrots are succulent, easy to digest, nutrition is easy to absorb and beneficial to body metabolism, but it is still dominated by hay in winter.

7. When you are sick, you should take medicine internally and avoid injections as far as possible to reduce alarm so as not to aggravate the illness and die. If an injection must be given, it should be anesthetized first and then injected, especially when hanging a bottle, general anesthesia must be carried out, otherwise it will die on the spot because of shock.