What is tsutsugamushi disease? What are the symptoms of being bitten by tsutsugamushi? Where do you usually have it?

Recently, the weather is high-temperature and rainy, which is the period of high incidence of tsutsugamushi disease. Yà ng, also known as chigger mites and sand lice, has been frequently killed by tsutsugamushi bites in recent years, and the peak of tsutsugamushi occurrence is from June to September every year. So what is tsutsugamushi disease? What are the symptoms of being bitten by tsutsugamushi? Where do you usually have it?

Tsutsugamushi can transmit tsutsugamushi disease. The disease was first discovered and recorded by GE Hong, a scientist of the Jin Dynasty in China (AD 313). In terms of animal classification, chigger mites belong to the arthropod phylum Araneae. More than 3000 species of chigger mites are known in the world and more than 350 species have been recorded in China. The common species in South China are red chigger mites, red chigger mites and Indian mites. The biggest difference between them and insects in morphology is that adults have four pairs of feet instead of three pairs. Therefore, it is inappropriate to call it a "little insect". The pathogen transmitted by chigger mites is Rickettsia orientalis, which is a kind of microorganism between bacteria and viruses.

What is tsutsugamushi disease?

Tsutsugamushi disease is an acute natural infectious disease transmitted to humans by chigger mite larvae. The clinical manifestations are ulcer or eschar at the bite site, sudden high fever, rash, enlarged lymph nodes, hepatosplenomegaly and so on. The critical cases showed severe multiple organ damage and heart, liver and kidney failure. Recently, Foshan has entered summer with high temperature and rain, which is the period of high incidence of tsutsugamushi disease.

Where do tsutsugamushi worms usually exist?

At present, tsutsugamushi is mostly distributed in tropical and subtropical coastal areas such as Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi and Fujian, and most of them live in humid grasslands and forests, and are more active in spring and summer. It absorbs the toxin by biting mice and goats, and then spreads the toxin to the human body, which spreads with the blood.

What are the symptoms of being bitten by tsutsugamushi?

1. When tsutsugamushi bites, it emits an enzyme that paralyzes people, so people don't feel pain when they bite. In addition to red eyes, tsutsugamushi disease will have red and swollen skin, swollen lymph nodes near the bite, limb paralysis, nausea, drowsiness and so on. After being bitten, there will be persistent high fever, eschar on the body surface, corneal congestion and so on.

2. Tsutsugamushi likes to bite the wet parts of people, such as armpit, breast, perineum, back and other secret parts. An eschar is formed after being bitten, which is characteristic of tsutsugamushi disease. Fever and headache are the early manifestations of tsutsugamushi disease. With the progress of the disease, patients will also appear skin congestion, or even bleeding, serious will lead to multiple organ failure, and even lead to death.

Countermeasures after insect bite

At present, the death of multiple organ failure caused by tsutsugamushi disease is rare, and the vast majority of patients are mild. Antibiotics such as tetracycline and chloramphenicol have special effects on tsutsugamushi disease. If it can be treated early, it is not difficult to treat, and the effect is very good. After being bitten, stay in bed, drink plenty of water, eat liquid or soft food, pay attention to oral hygiene and keep your skin clean.

It is just that many patients with tsutsugamushi will confuse the disease with a common cold fever, thinking that it will be all right if they take some medicine. As a result, the condition is delayed and eventually becomes severe. If the patient begins formal treatment only after three or four weeks of onset, the treatment effect is not good, causing kidney, lung, liver, heart and other organ failure, or even death.

Therefore, when a tsutsugamushi bite is found, the right thing to do is to go to the hospital infection department for help immediately and do not deal with it on your own, so as not to cause further infection.

How to prevent tsutsugamushi disease

There are too many insects in the lawn when traveling, enjoying the flowers or enjoying the cool at night. Chigger mites are one of the most dangerous species. I would like to remind you that tsutsugamushi disease grows in damp and dark areas such as ponds, paddy fields and grass, especially in the week after the rainy season.

1. When playing and working in the grass or field, it is best to put on long clothes and trousers, tighten the cuff collar and trouser leg, and apply insect repellent on the cuff, neckline and exposed skin.

2. It's best not to sit on the grass in the first few days after rain.

3. After field work, it is necessary to beat and change clothes in time, place and wash separately, and take a bath in time.

4. Children are easy to be ignored after being bitten, and then serious cases occur, so parents should take protective measures.

The doctor warned me

The first symptom of tsutsugamushi disease is high fever, which is easily mistaken for a cold and ignored or delayed treatment. The bite sites of sick larvae are often hidden, moist and sweaty parts such as armpit, groin, perineum, perianus and waist and back. eschar (or ulcer) is difficult to find, such as the patient's medical history is not clear, it is also easy to be misdiagnosed.

Therefore, if members of the public find that they have a high fever of unknown causes after outdoor activities, they should be on guard against tsutsugamushi disease, carefully check their bodies for scabs after insect bites, and seek medical treatment as soon as possible.