What are the techniques of quail feeding and management? How to raise and lay more eggs?

Quail (pheasant family quail is generally referred to as birds) generally refers to the genus quail, which is small and round in size, with darker plumage and little difference between males and females. So what are the techniques of quail feeding and management? How to raise and lay more eggs?

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What are the techniques of quail feeding and management?

1. Feeding and management: quail feed can be divided into two categories: plant and animal. Plant feed includes: corn, wheat, crushed rice, rice bran, wheat drum, peanut cake, soybean cake Qinglai and so on. Animal feed includes fish meal, inorganic salt and so on.

The matching of feed should pay attention to the following points:

The main results are as follows: (1) compound feed according to different growth period of quail. According to the experience of Beijing Crane Farm. At the age of 1-35 days, the feed formula was as follows: bean cake 25%, fish meal 15%, drum skin 4.5%, bone meal 1.5% mature quail feed formula: corn 55.5%, bean cake 22%, fish meal 14%, bone meal 2%, locust tree powder 6.5%.

(2) Feed diversity. Appropriate collocation of animal and plant feed, to keep the feed relatively stable, not to change too much, because quails are sensitive to feed changes. The self-feeding method should be a combination of dry and wet, and the formula feed should not be used too long each time, so as not to deteriorate, affect the growth and development of quails or die of poisoning.

(3) Family or professional quail farming requires a certain quail house, which has different forms and structures. it should not only be economical and practical, use local materials according to local conditions, but also meet the needs of quail growth, development and reproduction. Quail houses can be divided into small, medium and large according to the amount of feed. A small report can be maintained. 500 Murray 800, suitable for family breeding, the front is 3.6 meters wide and 1.8 meters long, the front is 2.4 meters high and the rear is 2.1 meters high. The house is divided into two rooms, 2.7 meters wide and 1.8 meters long, which is used as a feeding room, and the remaining small rooms are used for storage tools and feed. The roof can be covered with zinc and iron. Asbestos tiles or tiles are covered with two exhaust vents and windows around the house. Four six-story cages can be put into the quail house for breeding. The medium-sized house can raise 1000 to 3000, which is suitable for rural professional households, with a front width of 5.4 meters and a length of 3.6 meters. It uses 6.6 square meters of feed room and 13.2 square meters as a feeding room. There are studios, fattening rooms, brooding rooms, quail breeding rooms and incubators, all with windows and vents. Large quail farms generally raise more than 5000. Its structure is similar to that of a medium-sized house, but its area is larger.

two。 Breed. In order to select quails with high quality and strong disease resistance, female quails should choose the ones with large abdominal volume and strong laying power, and male quails should choose the ones with large body size and full claw extension, which are favorable for mating and reproduction. The male-female ratio should be 1:2 or 3, and breeding eggs should be of bright color, obvious spots and medium size, so that the hatching rate of eggs is high. Domestic quails have lost the habit of hatching eggs, so they hatch in two ways.

(1) hatching naturally. Use hens to hatch quail eggs, but only 7 or 8 eggs can be hatched at a time.

(2) when hens are used to hatch their eggs, hens of moderate size should be selected to hatch 20-30 eggs, and the young quails should be taken away immediately after coming out of their shells, so that they can hatch 3-4 litters in a row.

(3) artificial hatching. There are many kinds, such as cylinder hatching, bucket hatching, flat box or vertical box hatching and so on. The bucket hatching method is to paste several layers of paper around the bucket, put the fried rice into a sack, as a source of heat, Shao eggs are also packed in a sack, one layer of rhyming eggs, one layer of rice, into the bucket, hatching managers must strictly grasp the law of hatching in order to achieve a high hatching rate. Flat box incubation method, generally suitable for small and medium-sized quail farms, simple structure, easy to manufacture and operate, box 157cm high, 96cm long, 80cm wide, 5X5 cm wood square to do around the support, around and the door with two layers of fiberboard, sandwiched with glass fiber, play the role of heat preservation. The flat box is divided into upper and lower floors, the upper layer is the egg incubator and the lower layer is the heat source chamber, which is separated by a 0.3 cm thick iron plate. The heat source chamber is heated by charcoal, kerosene or 500W electric furnace. There are thermometers, egg baskets and egg turning racks in the hatchery. The hatchery should be kept at 20-24 ℃ with a relative temperature of 60-65%, so as to improve the hatching rate. After the third day of incubation, turn the eggs twice a day and cool the eggs for a few minutes each time. After 11 days of hatching, the eggs are red or black. If the light cannot pass through, the eggs are normally developed. After 15 days of hatching, the eggs are put into the egg tray. Generally, after 17 days of incubation, the fertilized eggs develop into nestling quails. The fluff of the nestling quails is 1-2 hours after hatching, and they are taken out and put into the nursery to raise.

Recently, the self-made electric incubator is often used at home and abroad, and its shell and flat box incubator, the structure has been improved, the heat source is powered, the electric furnace wire is heated, the electric contact thermometer is connected with electronic relay, and the temperature is controlled automatically. the self-made electric incubator is easy to operate and has a good effect.

How do quails raise and lay more eggs?

The laying rate of quail is not only determined by its breed, but also closely related to the following feeding and management.

1. The physique and age of quail

In the production, we should choose to be strong and disease-free, have a strong appetite and raise quails born in the same year. The life span of quails is generally two years. Female quails begin to lay at the age of 35-45 days, and the laying rate decreases after 10 months. Therefore, quails over 1 year old should be eliminated as soon as possible and sold as meat quails after short-term fattening.

two。 Nutritional supply of quail

The female quail has a strong appetite after laying eggs, and the annual egg production is more than 300, so it is necessary to provide enough high-quality feed, especially pay attention to the supplement of calcium and phosphorus in the diet. In production, formula feed should be fed, with or without whole grain feed as much as possible. the crude protein in formula feed should generally account for about 28% of the feed. Formula: corn 48%, cake 33%, light fish meal 6%, hay meal 5%, shell powder 5%, bone meal 3%, plus 0.3% multivitamin additives.

3. Breeding environment

Quails are timid and easily frightened, so it is necessary to create a quiet breeding environment for quails. In addition, the number of quail eggs is also related to the temperature and humidity of the environment. When the ambient temperature was lower than 15 ℃, the laying rate of female quails decreased significantly. According to the determination, the suitable laying temperature of quail is 18 ℃ ~ 25 ℃. In order to make quails lay more eggs, the humidity in the house should be controlled at 50%-60%, and enough clean drinking water and chopped green succulent feed should be provided.

4. Light

Light has a great effect on the laying rate of quails. It is necessary to ensure that quails have 15 hours of light every day. Because quails like red light, it is best to supplement it with red fluorescence when natural light is insufficient.