How long is the general delivery cycle and childbearing years of sows? How to reduce stillbirth in sows?

Among pigs, female pigs of any age who have given birth are called sows. There are many kinds of sows, including black sows, white sows and spotted sows. What is the general delivery cycle and childbearing years of sows? How to reduce stillbirth in sows?

How long is the general delivery cycle and childbearing years of sows?

1. Starting from the age of 7-8 months, the reserve sows have an average annual yield of 2.2-2.5 births, and the average annual supply of piglets is 20 (the high level of about 30 abroad can be reached, indicating that there is still potential to be dug in China). The breeding life of sows is as long as 12 years, but the most economical service life of modern lean sows is 3-4 years. The lifetime production capacity of one sow in China is about 80 piglets.

two。 The production cycle of sows, including empty pregnancy, pregnancy and lactation, corresponds to several main technical links such as mating, delivery and weaning. According to the physiological characteristics of sows in different periods of successful mating and pregnancy, feeding and management should be strengthened in order to increase the annual parity of sows and increase production efficiency. The feeding time of each stage in the sow production cycle is as follows: weaning to mating stage (1-2 weeks), mating pregnancy stage (16 weeks), delivery and lactation stage (3-5 weeks).

How to reduce stillbirth in sows?

In order to reduce the stillbirth rate of sows and obtain more live births, here are seven techniques for reducing stillbirths in sows:

1. Strengthen the feeding and management in production, control the body condition of sows during delivery, and prevent being too fat or too thin. In the actual delivery, the body condition of the sow should be full on the back, with a flat upper line, without any bone protruding, below the lumbar vertebrae, behind the ribs and in front of the pelvis, and there should be no lacunae in the fat sows. Therefore, before 98 days, pregnant sows should be restricted according to the law of fetal growth and development and fat status of sows, and feed freely from 100 days of pregnancy to 3 days before birth, which can not only increase the birth weight of piglets, but also prevent sows from being overweight.

two。 Sows must be limited before feeding, that is, prenatal feed restrictions from more to less, postpartum feeding from less to more, in order to prevent postpartum indigestion of sows. In order to reduce the adverse effects of overweight gastrointestinal burden on litter, sows should begin feed restriction 3 days before parturition (whichever is due). The feed restriction standard is: 3 kg per head per day on the 3rd day before delivery, 2 kg per day on the second day of prenatal birth, 1 kg per day on the first day of prenatal birth, and 0.5 kg every other day during parturition, such as sows giving birth in the morning and stopping feeding in the morning. Feed 0.5kg in the afternoon, give birth in the afternoon, stop feeding in the afternoon, feed 0.5kg in the morning on the first day after delivery, 0.5kg in the afternoon, 2kg per head per day on the second day after delivery, 3kg per day on the third day after delivery, and 4 days after delivery-weaning is free to eat. That is, prenatal feed restriction from more to less, postpartum feeding from less to more, in order to prevent postpartum indigestion in sows.

3. Prevent sows from prenatal constipation. It is suggested that 1% sodium sulfate and 0.5% rhubarb soda powder should be mixed into the feed one week before and after delivery of sows, which can make sow feces soft and moist, which is conducive to smooth defecation. It is better for pig farms with conditions to use lactation.

4. It is necessary to strengthen the heat prevention and cooling work of pregnant sows in summer. Especially for sows in late pregnancy and parturient sows in delivery bed, the pregnant sows are reared in limited positions, with high density and difficulty in heat dissipation, especially in the late stage of pregnancy, the sows eat more food, the body heat increases after feeding, and the body temperature increases by about 0.5 ℃, reaching 39.5 ℃. When the body temperature of sows during pregnancy is maintained for a long time, the stillbirth rate of piglets increases, so when the ambient temperature reaches more than 30 ℃. It is suggested that the pregnant sows in the breeding house should be cooled by spray at an interval of half an hour, and the sows in the delivery room should be flushed to reduce the effect of heat stress on sows.

5. Do a good job of vaccination, prevent reproductive disorders in sows, and treat sick pigs, especially feverish sows in time. In order to reduce the stillbirth rate of piglets during sow delivery, it is necessary to strengthen feeding management in production and give priority to prevention.

6. Keep quiet in the litter. For the delivery house that is giving birth, it should be kept as quiet as possible, especially for first-time sows. When sows are restless, breast massage can calm them down, which is very meaningful to promote smooth delivery.

7. Immediately after birth, the piglets were placed next to the sows' breasts for lactation. After drying the mucus and drying the coat, the piglets should be fed immediately next to the sows' breasts. By sucking the nipples, the piglets can stimulate the hypothalamus of the sows to secrete oxytocin and cause uterine contraction, which is not only conducive to smooth delivery and shorten the stage of labor, but also conducive to milk excretion.