What is the "new AIDS" cone bugs? What are the symptoms of being bitten by a bug bug? What shall I do? How to prevent and cure?

Recently, the Guangzhou Centers for Disease Control and Prevention called on members of the public to find bugs and catch bugs, with a reward of 8 yuan for each bug, as well as looking for people bitten by these insects. What are the symptoms of being bitten by a bug bug? What shall I do? How to prevent and cure?

Any of various insects of the subfamily Pentatomidae, Hemiptera, named for having a narrow, cone-like head. Trypanosomiasis can spread a disease called trypanosomiasis, which can be hidden for 20-30 years, and can cause cerebral embolism or even sudden death in acute stage.

Photo from Guangzhou Disease Control I Health

Cone bug event

In 2016, a cone bug bite occurred in Shunde, near Guangzhou. according to the investigation, this is the first time that a red belt bug has been found and recorded in Shunde. Trypanosomiasis is the vector of American trypanosomiasis, and the spread of American trypanosomiasis in the world can not be ignored.

In fact, American trypanosomiasis has a certain history, and it was first discovered by a Brazilian doctor named Chagas in 1909, so American trypanosomiasis is named Chagas disease. it is a potentially life-threatening disease caused by a parasite called Trypanosoma cruzi. Its vector is the cone bug.

Because of the concealment of the disease, it is not easy to be detected after human infection. If it is not treated in time, it will cause irreversible harm to human health and endanger life.

Once imported, the source of infection of Chagas disease is very likely to cause local transmission.

What does the bug bug look like? Where did it show up?

The adult bug is about 25 mm long, oval, tail pointed or flat, black or dark brown, and red or macular on the side of the abdomen. Trypan bug larvae and adults feed on human blood, because they specialize in biting people's faces and like to look for lower mouths with thinner skin, such as lips and eyelids, so they are also known as "kissing insects".

Cone bugs often hide in walls or cracks in wooden objects and go out at night. At night, they are easy to be found in livestock houses and chicken nests in woodlands or fields. It is also said to have been found in old wooden houses, next to their own flowerpots and next to the wooden pile of farmhouse music.

Photo from Guangzhou Disease Control I Health

What are the symptoms of being bitten by a bug bug? What shall I do?

The occult period of trypanosomiasis is as long as 20-30 years, which is difficult to be detected, and the prognosis of severe patients is poor. There are fever, facial edema, lymphadenitis, anemia and so on in acute stage. Chronic phase often has myocarditis, heart failure, megaloesophagitis, giant colon and lung, cerebral embolism, sudden death and so on.

So, who might get trypanosomiasis? The Guangzhou Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said that trypanosomiasis can be transmitted through various ways in areas where trypanosomiasis is distributed, and people who have traveled to and from Latin America may be infected.

The accurate diagnosis rate of trypanosomiasis is low, there is no vaccine to prevent, and there is no specific drug to the late stage of the disease, so some scholars even call it "new AIDS".

The difference between trypanosomiasis and AIDS

1. Route of infection

AIDS is transmitted directly from person to person, mainly through sexual transmission, while trypanosomiasis is mainly transmitted by trypanosomiasis. But both can be transmitted through blood or mother-to-child transmission.

2. Different pathogens

AIDS is caused by HIV, and the pathogen of trypanosomiasis is Trypanosoma carinii, a protozoan parasite.

Trypanosomiasis is actually not that scary. But I still hope that we in China will not have this disease.

The most effective way to prevent trypanosomiasis is vector control.

Guangzhou offers a reward for bugs only for investigation, and there is no need to be overly nervous. It is estimated that between 6 million and 7 million people worldwide are infected with Trypanosoma evansi, mainly in Latin America. Chagas disease was once completely confined to the American region-mainly Latin America-but has now spread to other continents. The purpose of this "bug hunt" is to find local trypanosoma bugs, to detect whether they carry Trypanosoma carinii, to see if there is a threat to us, and to provide an important scientific basis for preventing and controlling the spread of Chagas disease in China.

The investigation was conducted by the Chinese Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and Guangzhou is one of the investigation sites in Guangdong Province.

How to prevent trypanosomiasis?

According to the recommendations of the Shanghai Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission, the main measures for the prevention of trypanosomiasis are as follows:

1. Improving living conditions and building structure, such as applying lime and other coatings on the walls of buildings, repairing and replacing roofs, or spraying insecticides indoors can prevent the breeding and habitat of trypan bugs indoors.

2. Destroy the animal storage host as much as possible. Tourists should avoid sleeping in humble accommodation and use mosquito nets or insecticides.

3. In order to avoid the transmission of blood transfusion, the blood bank should carry out the serological examination of Trypanosoma carinii in the blood, and the gentian purple of 114000 can be added to the blood 24 hours before blood transfusion to kill Trypanosoma. In addition, serological examination should be performed in time for blood donors, organ providers and pregnant women.

4. Anti-trypanosomiasis treatment should be carried out as early as possible in the acute stage, and the main drugs used for treatment are benzonidazole or nifuramus.