What are the reasons for the lack of litter in sows? What are the main causes and preventive measures of preterm birth, abortion and stillbirth?

Pigs are vertebrates, mammals and domestic animals. They can mate at 5 to 12 months after birth, and the pregnancy period is about 4 months. So what are the reasons for the lack of litter in sows? What are the main causes and preventive measures of preterm birth, abortion and stillbirth?

What are the reasons for the lack of litter in sows?

1. Variety reason

Some varieties have low reproductive capacity, resulting in a small number of offspring. Such as: Petrand, Duroc, etc.

two。 Age reason

The age and parity of pigs affect the litter size and the live litter size at the same time. The reproductive performance of Mel sows with 2 births was low, and the reproductive performance of 3-5 sows was the best, with the highest litter size and live litter size. After 6 births, the reproductive performance of sows decreased, litter size and live litter size decreased.

3. The cause of feed

There is no nutritious, full-price formula feed for sows.

4. Problems in management

The body weight and age of ⑴ reserve sows were too low and too young to reach body maturity, resulting in a decrease in litter size.

There is no feed restriction for ⑵ reserve sows, resulting in excessive body weight and fat during mating and a decrease in litter size.

4-5 days before mating, ⑶ reserve sows and weaned sows should be fed with high quality and full price feed to increase the number of ovulation.

The feeding amount of ⑷ during pregnancy was unreasonable.

5. Other reasons

The vaccination time is unreasonable and the epidemic disease also affects the litter size of sows.

What are the main causes and preventive measures of premature delivery, abortion and stillbirth in sows?

The emergence of premature delivery, miscarriage and stillbirth in sows will pose a great threat to pig production, mainly due to the following aspects:

1. Lack of nutrition, such as feed nutrition level is too low, lack of vitamin E, vitamin A, resulting in excessive weight loss of pigs and early embryo death.

two。 Improper feeding and management, such as excessive feeding density, wide disparity in body weight, resulting in bites, fights, slippery floor and easy to slip, and so on.

3. Feed with irritating odor or moldy feed and frozen feed in winter.

4. Some viral infections, such as parvovirus, Japanese encephalitis and so on.

5. Preventive measures: first of all, to find out the cause, if the nutrition level is too low, it is necessary to adjust the feed formula and feeding amount in time to prevent pigs from being too thin. The supply of vitamins should be complete and sufficient. When feeding multivitamins, it should be 1.5 times of the normal feeding amount. It is strictly forbidden to feed feed with irritating odor or mildew, and mix it with warm water in winter. The sows were injected with parvovirus and Japanese encephalitis vaccine as required. The parvovirus vaccine was injected into the reserve sows and boars one month before breeding, and the sows were injected after delivery or two weeks before breeding, and the breeding boars were injected once every six months. Japanese encephalitis vaccine was injected into male and female pigs from the end of April to the beginning of May every year.