What is the difference between reptile wild soft-shelled turtle and artificial breeding? How to raise the benefit?

Soft-shelled turtle, also known as soft-shelled turtle, is a reptile with high nutritional value. because the whole body is a treasure, it is widely used as a delicacy on the dinner table. at the same time, it can also be used as traditional Chinese medicine, so it is artificially farmed by many people. what is the difference between wild soft-shelled turtle and artificial breeding? How to raise the benefit?

I. the difference between wild and artificial farming:

1. Physique

Wild soft-shelled turtle due to long-term natural state of hard foraging, the body is proud, slightly flat, muscle firm. On the other hand, the farmed soft-shelled turtle is swollen, thick and clumsy, and its muscles are soft.

2. Abdominal nail

The abdominal cartilage of wild soft-shelled turtle has high elastic strength and strong rebound against pressure with fingers. On the other hand, the soft cartilage in the abdomen of the cultured soft-shelled turtle is weak, resisting pressure with fingers, feeling soft and collapsing, and rebound powerless.

3. Skirt edge

The skirt edges of wild soft-shelled turtles are thick, not easy to fall, gelatinous and very flat. On the other hand, the edge of the farmed turtle skirt is soft and fleshy, so it is easy to fall.

4. Color

Wild soft-shelled turtles are grayish black, khaki, brown and black spots, and so on. On the other hand, the farmed soft-shelled turtle is mostly black and transparent green, yellow with green, green moss and so on.

5. Oil color

In general, the better the soft-shelled turtle is, the more yellow the oil is. The oil of wild turtle is waxy yellow, and the oil of farmed turtle is white.

6. Claws

Wild soft-shelled turtle often paddles, claws more sharp color yellowing, serious wear and tear. On the other hand, the farmed soft-shelled turtle does not often paddle, its claws are short and the color is white.

7. Armour and back

The back of wild soft-shelled turtle is smooth and smooth, the skin is thin and uniform, there is a waxy sense of light, and the carapace wheel gallery can be hidden. On the other hand, the skin of the cultured soft-shelled turtle is slightly thicker, the warts are rough and have no light texture, like the Oviductus Ranae, it is not easy to see the carapace corridors.

8. Wildness

Wild soft-shelled turtles are aggressive, wild and flexible, and are easy to fight for turf if there is little space. On the other hand, the farmed soft-shelled turtle is not wild, not fierce, not flexible and not easy to move.

2. Culture technology

1. Life habits:

(1) Xiyang: soft-shelled turtles like to inhabit clean rivers, lakes, reservoirs, ponds and other waters, and often lie on the sunny bank to bask in the sun during calm days.

(2) timid: soft-shelled turtles are very timid and sensitive to the sound and movement of objects in their surroundings.

(3) aggressive: soft-shelled turtle is an aquatic omnivore, fond of animal bait, ferocious and aggressive, the phenomenon of bullying and bullying among groups is very common, and it will eat the same kind when food is scarce.

(4) hibernation: the soft-shelled turtle mainly breathed through the lungs during its growth. When the water temperature was lower than 15 ℃, it dived into the mud at the bottom of the pond and began to hibernate, and breathed by auxiliary respiratory organs such as the Gill tissue of the larynx.

2. Required conditions:

(1) Pond construction: the area of the pond is generally about 5 mu, the slope ratio of the pond is 1 ∶ 2, the bottom of the pond is flat, the thickness of silt is about 25 cm, and the water depth is 1.8 to 2.5 meters.

(2) Water source requirements: the water source of the pond should be adequate, the water quality should be good and pollution-free, and it should meet the standard of water for fish culture, with a pH value of 7-8.5 and dissolved oxygen of more than 5 mg / L.

(3) to build a sun platform: soft-shelled turtles should bask in the sun more, so when building a sun table, a sun table can be built every 200 square meters in the pond, which can generally be built with wood or cement board. when building, the table is 15cm above the surface of the water. The inclined side extends to 20cm below the surface.

(4) escape prevention facilities: in order to prevent the soft-shelled turtle from climbing outside, it is best to build an anti-escape wall around the pond. The general wall is 40 cm high, the top of the wall is 10 cm inward, and the inner wall is smooth.

3. Breeding essentials:

(1) bait

① bait preparation: soft-shelled turtle is omnivorous, so animal protein should be used as the main feed and plant protein as auxiliary when preparing feed. Usually, the fresh baits that can be prepared are animal offal, small miscellaneous fish and scraps, green fodder has vegetable stems and leaves, melons and fruits and fresh aquatic plants, and can also be fed after mixed processing with bean dregs, corn meal, wheat bran and so on.

② feeding: when feeding the soft-shelled turtle, be sure to look at the temperature. Generally, the water temperature rises to about 18 ℃. At this time, a small amount of bait can be fed to domesticate the soft-shelled turtle, so that the soft-shelled turtle can start eating earlier. The daily feeding amount of fresh animal feed is 1020% of the total weight of soft-shelled turtle, and the daily feeding amount of compound feed is 5% of the total weight.

③ feeding method: when feeding soft-shelled turtle, it is generally selected in the fixed food field on both sides of the pond ventilation to facilitate the observation of the growth, activity and feeding of soft-shelled turtle and fish, and to adjust the feeding amount.

(2) Water level management: the water level of the soft-shelled turtle was maintained at the initial stage of stocking, and the water level increased gradually with the increase of water temperature and individual growth. New water is injected once a month in spring and autumn and once a week in summer. The water level should be raised in summer and early autumn high temperature season.

(3) Water quality management: the soft-shelled turtle pond regularly sprinkles 15 grams of quicklime or 2 grams of bleach per cubic meter to ensure that the dissolved oxygen in the water is more than 4 mg / L, the pH value is between 7 and 8.5, and the ammonia nitrogen does not exceed 5 mg / L. if necessary, be equipped with an aerator.

(4) Daily management: when raising soft-shelled turtles, they should patrol the pond twice a day in the morning and evening, observe the activity, eating and growth of soft-shelled turtles and fish, and adjust the feeding quantity in time. Remove the residual bait in the pond in time to ensure the freshness of the water quality.

(5) Disease control:

① enteritis: soft-shelled turtle excrement has peculiar smell, poor digestion and slow movement. During prevention and treatment, 1% garlic juice and onions can be added to the feed, every 7 days as a course of treatment.

② water mold disease: soft-shelled turtle limbs, neck, tail and other places appear water mold, slow growth. After the attack, you can use Yukangning or pour wine in the whole pool with 4/10000 baking soda and four-tenths of salt mixture, the effect is very good.

③ neck swelling disease: turtle neck swelling, □ nosebleed, abdominal nail anemia. When you get sick, you can disinfect the pool water with "rich chlorine", and then treat it with "soft-shelled turtle health".

④ red neck disease: disinfect regularly with raw lime water, keep the pond water hygienic, and add 0.5 ‰ of "soft-shelled turtle health" to the feed. The early onset of soft-shelled turtle can be injected with penicillin and streptomycin 200000 international units in the abdominal cavity of the soft-shelled turtle, once or twice.

⑤ haemorrhagic disease: soft-shelled turtle abdominal nail blood spots, intestinal and respiratory organ bleeding, kidney, liver lesions. The method of prevention and treatment is to quickly isolate the diseased soft-shelled turtle and treat it with "soft-shelled turtle health", sulfonamide or antibiotics.

⑥ skin rot: in addition to disinfecting all the pond water with "rich chlorine" and "soft-shelled turtle health", the sick nail is quickly isolated and washed with 100 micro-liter sulfonamides solution for 2-5 minutes a day, twice a day, 7 days as a course of treatment, generally can be cured.