How to raise fish in rice fields? What are the benefits of raising fish in rice fields? (with technical points)

Fish culture in rice field is a way of agricultural culture that is often mentioned now. by raising fish on the surface of rice field, we can not only obtain fish products, but also use fish to eat pests and weeds in rice fields, excrete manure, turn over soil to promote fertilizer decomposition, and create good conditions for rice growth. generally, it can increase the yield of rice by about 10%. So what is the technique of raising fish in rice fields? What are the advantages of raising fish in rice fields?

I. techniques of fish culture in rice fields

1. Herbivorous and omnivorous fish are suitable for fish culture in rice field, such as grass carp, carp, crucian carp, tilapia and so on. Silver carp and bighead carp can be released, but mackerel should not be released. The cultivation of rice seedlings can put 30 ~ 50,000 summer flowers per mu, rice fish and cultivated fish can put 1500000 summer flowers per mu, and the cultivation of edible fish in double-cropping rice fields (summer flowers): 300 common carp, 100 crucian carp, 100 grass carp, 50 silver carp and bighead carp, and about 75 kg per mu with proper bait.

2. Rice-fish rotation, feeding, 100,120 grass carp, 150,200 carp and crucian carp, 30,50 silver carp and 20 bighead carp per mu, with a yield of 200,250 kg per mu. Stocking time should be early, single-cropping rice field fish culture or rice-fish continuous cultivation of edible fish, generally in the seedling transplanting green after release. Rice-fish rotation can irrigate fish immediately after rice harvest and catch fish before transplanting seedlings the following year.

3. The fertilization of fish culture in rice field is mainly farm manure and base fertilizer. In the use of chemical fertilizer, it is necessary to grasp the safe concentration and avoid spilling directly into the fish ditch. It can also be applied by rotation of half field and half field. Pesticides should be strictly controlled concentration, commonly used drugs are dimethoate, methamidophos, trichlorfon, dimethoate, Jinggangmycin and so on. Toxic such as carbofuran, fish rattan essence, pentachlorophenol sodium, toxicol, Bordeaux liquid and so on should be avoided.

4. the fish ditch should be dredged and the water level should be deepened before application. The emulsion pesticide dew is sprayed after drying, and the powder is sprayed with dew to reduce the drug falling into the water. It can also be sprayed on half a field by turns. If you find that the fish is not feeling well, pour fresh water immediately. When drying the field, do not dry the fish. Often patrol the fields to check the growth of rice and fish, the ridge of the field and whether the fish fence is firm. Take precautions against drought and escape. Bait should be timed, quantified, positioned and qualitatively determined.

Second, what are the advantages of raising fish in rice fields?

First of all, fish culture in rice fields can promote the yield of rice. Rice field fish culture is a kind of connotation expansion reproduction, which is the reuse of land resources, and can produce aquatic products without additional occupation of cultivated land. Local experience shows that the development of rice field fish culture will not only not affect rice yield, but also promote rice production. Paddy fields with fish culture can generally increase rice yield by 5mur10%, and the higher rice yield can be increased by 14mur24%.

Secondly, fish culture in rice fields can increase the supply of aquatic products for society and enrich people's "vegetable baskets". In recent years, fish culture in rice fields has become one of the main ways of local aquaculture in Jiangsu, Sichuan, Guizhou and other places. Paddy field fish culture can achieve balanced listing, which plays an important role in stabilizing the supply of aquatic products, stabilizing market prices, meeting the demand for "vegetable baskets" and improving people's dietary structure. Especially in some areas where water resources are scarce and traffic is blocked, the development of rice field fish culture, local production and local sales have effectively solved the long-term problem of "difficult to eat fish" in these areas.

Third, fish farming in rice fields can significantly increase farmers' income. Fish culture in rice field can increase both grain and fish, and it can save labor, increase income and save expenditure by applying less chemical fertilizer and spraying pesticides in rice field. generally, fish culture in rice field can increase farmers' income by 220 yuan per mu. The implementation of a high-standard rice-fish project to raise fish in rice fields can be increased by 350 yuan per mu. With the cultivation of famous and special aquatic products in rice field and the ternary compound culture of rice, fish and mushroom, the income of each mu of rice field can be increased by more than 1000 yuan.

Fourth, fish culture in rice fields promotes the optimization of ecological environment and enhances the ability to resist natural disasters. Due to the cultivation of fish in rice fields, the ridges of the fields are raised and strengthened accordingly, and ditches are excavated, which greatly increases the water storage capacity and is conducive to flood control and drought resistance. In some hilly areas, with the implementation of the rice and fish project, the water storage capacity of each mu of rice fields can be increased by 200 cubic meters, which has greatly enhanced the ability to resist drought. For some water shortage areas with more drought, the paddy field with fish culture can effectively delay the drought because of its large water storage capacity. The main effect of rice field fish culture on improving the environment is that it has a good insecticidal effect. According to tests, the density of mosquito larvae in rice fields raised with fish is 80% lower than that in non-fish fields, mainly because fish raised in rice fields eat a large number of mosquito larvae and snails, which can reduce the incidence of serious diseases such as malaria, filariasis and schistosomiasis.