What should we pay attention to in raising meat donkeys? (attached to the breeding and management techniques of Xinjiang donkeys)

Donkey breeding in China has a long history, so far there are more than 4,000 years. Donkey is gentle, resistant to rough feeding and high economic value, so it is deeply loved by farmers all over the country. So what should we pay attention to in raising meat donkeys? What are the breeding and management techniques of donkeys in Xinjiang?

I. points for attention in meat donkey breeding:

1. Feed: donkeys are herbivores. Its forage is better with dry, hard and brittle crop stems. For example, use a lawn mower to cut corn, millet, beans and other hard stems into small pieces 3-4 centimeters long. Most avoid feeding semi-dry and wet, folded continuous grass. This kind of feed is most likely to cause "knot" disease on donkeys. At the same time, supplement peas, corn, fried cotton and other ingredients or wheat bran. Eat once every morning, noon and evening, mainly late. Each time a single straw (that is, straw-like straw) is added to make it full, and then fed (that is, straw mixed with higher-protein grass such as alfalfa and rattan) to induce its appetite. When there is a sign of stopping eating, feed grass (that is, the grass left at the bottom of the trough is mixed with whole feed such as peas, corn, fried cotton, or with wheat bran and a small amount of water) to induce it to reach the maximum amount of food.

two。 Captive breeding: dense meat donkeys are fattened, and captive breeding is the best. General enclosures can cover the rain and the wind as much as possible. There are grooves in the ring, and each donkey should leave 60-80 cm of food space. Between adult donkeys, strong fences are set up according to the distance from the feeding position to prevent them from harassing each other (male and female mixed fences are more important).

3. Reproduction: should choose larger body size, resistance to rough feeding, strong disease resistance, good adaptability, good reproductive performance, feeding reward. At present, most of the meat donkeys mate and breed of the same kind, and they can also be crossed with horses. Intensive reproduction can use artificial insemination to collect good seeds for removal. It is beneficial to group reproduction and speed up the cultivation and promotion of improved varieties.

4. Disease prevention: donkeys are more resistant to coarse food and disease than horses and cattle. However, this does not mean that there are no diseases, especially under the conditions of breeding, we must strictly implement the policy of "combination of prevention and control, giving priority to prevention", pay more attention to environmental hygiene and prevent infectious diseases. Donkeys, like mules, are prone to infectious anemia, gangrene and tetanus.

Second, in order to raise the donkey well, we should pay attention to the following points:

1. Donkeys should be allowed to drink clean water when leaving the ring in the trough, and it is forbidden to drink contaminated water or dirty water.

two。 Do a good job in food hygiene. There is no overnight faeces in the paddock and the trough must be cleaned and disinfected regularly. The paddock should be built away from the village to prevent the infection of disease.

3. Each time the donkey enters or leaves the ring, especially after the service is over, let it roll a few times (the donkey's roll is the best way to rest the hoofed animal) and brush it head up. This is not only conducive to the cleaning of the skin, but also conducive to promoting blood circulation and improving health.

4. A lot of observation. Once it is found that the donkey is in an uncomfortable condition, or the food performance is declining, you must immediately ask a veterinarian to deal with it without delay.

5. Male and female mixed breeding, should pay attention to harassment. Harassment will not only lead to female donkey miscarriage, but also cause accidental injury due to collision, leading to tetanus. Therefore, the food level barrier is stronger and better, which is conducive to large-scale reproduction.

III. Culture and management techniques of donkeys in Xinjiang.

There are many herdsmen in Xinjiang. Donkeys in Xinjiang have been domesticated in captivity for a long time. They are relatively concentrated in Kashgar, Hotan and Turpan. They are very docile. Herdsmen often use it to pull rickshaws and carry some things, or to load donkey carts. Xinjiang donkey is more adaptable, it can withstand the temperature of-40 °C and the high temperature of 45 °C. Xinjiang donkey is a relatively good breed, in addition to strong physique, its meat nutritional value is also good, donkey meat is also favored by the consumer industry, which is also the reason why many people raise it.

1. There should be a suitable living environment for raising donkeys in Xinjiang. The construction of the donkey house should be determined according to the local temperature change and the production of the donkey farm, and the double slope donkey house facing north to the south or southeast is the most commonly used. Donkeys should have a certain number and size of windows or vents to ensure adequate daylight and air circulation. The cement structure disinfection pool should be installed at the entrance of the donkey house gate. The main facilities in the donkey house include donkey bed, food trough, fecal passage, manure ditch, drinking trough, ventilation hole, etc., and adjust the harmful gas and temperature in the cave through windows or vents. At the same time, timely removal of feces to reduce harmful gas emissions, to ensure that the environment in the donkey nest meets the national standards.

two。 Xinjiang donkeys are herbivores. Its forage with dry, hard, brittle crop stem is better, can grow straw as green forage grass green, feed water content of more than 60%, rich in chlorophyll, named after the green color, all kinds of weeds, cultivated forage, crop fresh grass, are all green fodder.

Artificial cultivated grasses such as hn-mc excellent corn grass and hn-mc excellent Gaodan are more suitable for feeding. Straw grasses are cut into short segments 3-4 cm long to avoid feeding semi-dry and wet grass and folding continuous grass. This kind of grass is most likely to cause donkeys to "knot" disease, while replenishing peas, corn, fried cotton and other ingredients or wheat bran. Eat once every morning, noon and evening, mainly late feeding, each time adding a single straw (that is, straw-like straw) to make it full, and then feeding straw (that is, straw mixed with high-protein grass (such as alfalfa and rattan) to induce its appetite. When there is a sign of stopping eating, feed grass (that is, the grass left at the bottom of the trough is mixed with whole feed such as peas, corn, fried cotton, or with wheat bran and a small amount of water) to induce it to reach the maximum amount of food.

3. For intensive meat donkeys, it is best for farmers to raise in stables. The general enclosure can cover the rain and the wind as much as possible. There are grooves in the circle, and each donkey should leave a food space of 60-80 cm. Between adult donkeys, strong fences are set up according to the distance from the feeding position to prevent them from harassing each other (male and female mixed fences are more important).

4. In raising and management, breeders should choose female donkeys with good body shape, high birth rate and large body size. At present, most of the meat donkeys mate and breed of the same kind, and they can also be crossed with horses. Intensive reproduction can use artificial insemination to collect good seeds for removal. It is beneficial to group reproduction and speed up the cultivation and promotion of improved varieties.

5. In terms of disease prevention, donkeys are more resistant to coarse food and disease than horses and cattle. However, this does not mean that there is no disease, especially under the condition of intensive breeding, we must strictly implement the policy of "combination of prevention and control", pay more attention to environmental hygiene, and prevent infectious diseases. Donkeys, like mules, are prone to infectious anemia, gangrene and tetanus. Breeders should strengthen the management of hygiene and disinfection and find problems in time.