Technology of raising pigs in rural areas: how to prepare pig feed? What are the precautions?

Raising pigs in rural areas is generally more inclined to prepare their own pig feed, and the preparation of pig feed is a key link in the process of raising pigs, so how to prepare pig feed? What are the precautions?

1. How to prepare pig feed?

1. Proper nutrition: the balance of various nutrition levels in the formula should be achieved, especially the balance of amino acids.

2. Moderate volume: attention should be paid to the relationship between feed intake and feed volume of pigs. If the volume is too large to eat, the volume is too small to eat, and the boar feed volume is too large to cause drooping belly.

3. Flexible application: select the appropriate feeding standard and feed composition, through the feeding experiment, observe the growth, development and production performance of pigs, and modify them as appropriate. Use more for those with good palatability and less for those with poor palatability.

4. Crude fiber content: no more than 3% for piglets, 6% for growing pigs and 12% for breeder pigs.

5. Diversification: reasonable collocation of a variety of feed, in order to give play to the complementary role of various substances and improve the utilization rate of feed. A part of roughage can be added appropriately, but it can only be increased after fermentation by EM bacteria.

6. The use of biological feed additives: biological feed additives can increase feed conversion rate and reduce feed cost. Rational use of feed additives can improve feed digestion and utilization, reduce feed and breeding costs, and improve economic benefits. But it must be reasonable and can not be used blindly. Such as microbial EM bacteria, biological feed additives, fermented feed bacteria and so on.

Second, the matters needing attention in the preparation of pig feed should avoid these five misunderstandings.

1. Misunderstanding 1: feed a large amount of bean cake or peanut cake in the fattening stage.

Many pig farmers have an unscientific feeding concept, that is, they are fed large quantities of bean cakes or peanut cakes during the fattening stage of pigs, thinking that only by feeding pigs in this way can they grow quickly and the meat can be sturdy. in fact, this is wrong. During the fattening stage, pigs focus on growing fat rather than muscle, so they do not need a large amount of protein feed. If a large amount of protein feed is fed in the fattening stage, the nitrogen-containing part of the protein must be removed in the gastrointestinal tract, and the other nitrogen-free parts can be converted into fat, but denitrification takes more energy. In addition, bean cakes or peanut cakes contain a lot of unsaturated fatty acids, which can soften and yellowed pig fat, which does not make meat strong at all, but reduces the quality of meat. The market price of cake feed is higher than that of other feed, and multi-use will increase the cost of feed, which in itself is a waste.

2. Misunderstanding 2: using cooked feed to feed pigs

The technology of feeding pigs with raw feed has long been popular, but many rural pig farmers still adopt the method of feeding pigs with cooked feed, thinking that pigs can easily grow oil when eating cooked food, but it is not. After the feed is cooked, almost all the vitamins are destroyed, and the protein in the feed is aged and denatured. According to statistics, 20% of the nutrients of the feed are lost in the process of cooking, and the loss of nutrients in the green feed is even greater. If it is put in the pot for a long time during stewing, nitrite poisoning will occur during feeding, resulting in the death of pigs.

3. Misunderstanding 3: filling the belly with thin soup

Some pig farmers feed their pigs with water, and the feed-water ratio is 1 / 8 / 10, or even thinner. In addition, they also supply water to pigs, which is very disadvantageous to the fattening of pigs. The harm of feeding water to pigs is that it increases the energy needed for water metabolism in pigs, increases the burden on the kidney, dilutes the concentration of digestive juice, which is not conducive to digestive juice secretion, and speeds up the speed of feed through the digestive tract, thus reducing the digestibility of feed. In order to increase the feed intake of pigs and make pigs eat more and grow faster, it is generally recommended to feed thick porridge with a feed-water ratio of 1:2 or raw and wet mixture with a feed-water ratio of 1:1. In addition, adequate drinking water should be provided.

4. Misunderstanding 4. Hogwash is the most economical way to feed pigs.

At present, there are still a small number of pig farmers feeding pigs with hogwash to establish a long-term cooperative relationship with the hotel. After being transported home, the hogwash is stored in a built pool for use. In fact, swill contains a variety of pathogenic microorganisms, affecting the growth and development of pigs, some are even fatal, in addition, hogwash storage when a large number of pathogenic microorganisms multiply, through flies and other transmission, can bring losses to farmers, pig farmers should put an end to feeding hogwash.

5. Misunderstanding 5: add antibiotics to the feed at will

At present, there is no effective vaccine to prevent some epidemic diseases, especially some bacterial infectious diseases, drug prevention has a good effect. In order to control the occurrence of diseases and promote the growth of pigs, many farmers add them indiscriminately without a clear understanding of the action mechanism of antibiotics, posing a threat to food safety and human health. The majority of farmers should establish the concept of safety in production and add antibiotics in a targeted, appropriate and timely manner.