It is necessary to master four technical points for crayfish culture in ponds.

In recent years, with the rapid increase of crayfish consumption market and the growth of export processing, the price is getting higher and higher, which leads to more and more wild lobster fishing intensity and less and less wild resources, so lobster artificial culture is imperative. Lobster has strong adaptability, low requirements for environmental conditions, and can reproduce naturally, so lobster culture can be adapted to local conditions and various models. Crayfish culture in ponds needs to master four major technical points.

Technical points of crayfish culture in ponds

1. Pond cleaning

The pond for raising lobster requires adequate water source, good water quality, convenient access and drainage, with a ridge top width of more than 1 meter, a slope of 1:3, an area of 3 MUE 8 mu, a rectangle and a water depth of 1 MUR 2 meters. The newly excavated ponds and old ponds should be leveled, silt and sun-dried ponds should be removed according to the situation, so that the bottom and walls of the ponds have good water retention and reduce water leakage as much as possible. At the same time of cleaning, the ridges around the pond are closed with a net that is 80 centimeters high, and the upper end of the net is also sealed with a plastic film of 25 centimeters, so as to avoid the entry of enemy creatures and the escape of lobsters later.

Lobsters are benthic reptiles, and the yield of the pond is determined not by the volume of the pond water, but by the horizontal area of the pond and the tortuous rate of the embankment. That is, in the same area of the pond, the larger the horizontal area of the water body, the more the side length of the embankment, the more shrimp can be released, and the higher the yield. Therefore, a 2Mel three-layer platform can be set up in parallel with a net or bamboo mat 20 meters around the pool ridge. the first layer is located at 20mur30cm below the water surface, with a length of 2Mel 3m and a width of 30m. The distance between the two layers is 20MUE 30cm, and each platform has a slope leading to the bottom of the pool; a gap of 2m between the two parallel platforms should be left for lobsters to move to the shallow water. At the same time, a certain number of vertical meshes are set in the middle of the pond.

2. Clear the pond and disinfect

Pond cleaning and disinfection can effectively kill enemy organisms in the pond, such as catfish, black fish, snakes, rats, wild miscellaneous fish such as common carp and crucian carp, and pathogenic bacteria. The commonly used methods are: ① quicklime disinfection: quicklime has dry disinfection and water disinfection. Dry disinfection: use 50-100 kg of quicklime per mu, sprinkle the whole pond, and then pour fresh water into the pond after drying the pond for 5 days. Disinfection with water: the water surface per mu is calculated with a water depth of 1 meter. After dissolving in water with quicklime 125 / 150 kg, the whole pool is sprinkled evenly. Disinfection of ② bleach: after the bleach was completely dissolved, the whole pool was evenly sprinkled with a dosage of 20m / mu (30kg / mu) (containing 30% available chlorine).

3. Plant aquatic plants

Lobster has a variety of eating habits, feeding on algae such as Elodea, goldfish, verticillium, hyacinth and water peanut. About 20% of the shallow water around the pond is planted with aquatic plants, which can not only feed the lobster, but also provide an ideal place for shrimp to hide and perch, and it is also a good place for the lobster to molt. "how many shrimps, look at water plants", the survival rate of raising shrimp in ponds with many water plants is high. However, the planting area of aquatic plants should not be too much, otherwise it will not only affect the normal growth of lobster due to excessive lush aquatic plants, but also affect the normal growth of lobster and fishing at night. Generally, the planting area of aquatic plants should not exceed 1x4 of the total area of the pond. In addition, the bottom of the pond can be made of water grass into a haystack, put a pile every 5 meters, each pile of 5-10 kilograms of water grass, sink at the bottom, put 20 Mu 40 piles per mu, each pile is tied with a rope, and the other end of the rope floats or is fixed on the water surface.

4. Entering water and applying fertilizer

The source of water requires fresh water quality, sufficient dissolved oxygen and no pollution of organic matter and industrial heavy metals. When injecting new water into the pond, it should be filtered with 20-40 mesh gauze to prevent wild miscellaneous fish and fish eggs from entering the breeding pond with the flow of water. At the same time, fertilize and cultivate plankton to provide natural bait for young shrimp directly after entering the pond. To fertilize shrimp ponds, it is best to choose organic fertilizers, such as fermented organic grass manure, the application rate is 100m / mu 200kg, so that the pond water has a certain degree of fertility. In the initial stage of young shrimp stocking, the water level is shallow and the water quality is more fertile; in the middle and later stages of breeding, with the deepening of the water level, the amount of fertilizer should be gradually increased. Depending on the color of the water, keep the transparency of the pool water at 35-40 cm.

Second, crayfish culture cost

1. Land rent. At present, the level of land rent in different regions of the country is different, generally around 6-1000 yuan, taking the middle 800 yuan / mu accounting.

Land infrastructure construction cost: mainly includes aquaculture pond ditch construction, land formation and other infrastructure construction, the cost is about 400-500 yuan per mu; according to the regional land situation will be different, if the need for land formation costs will be doubled, so it is required to lease land when selecting land formation areas, as far as possible to reduce unnecessary construction costs.

2. Ground cages: 10 short or 5 long cages are needed per mu, and the cost is 150-200 yuan.

3. Shed and office space: according to whether the cultivation area is in pieces, large area continuous cultivation ranges from 40 to 50 yuan per mu.

4. Construction of water conservancy facilities: it mainly includes the construction of inlet and drainage ditches within the breeding park, the cost of drainage and irrigation equipment, etc.; the most basic aquaculture pond needs to be independently buried into the drainage pipe, needs to be built or widened into the drainage channel, etc., at a cost of 50-80 yuan per mu. According to the local water intake and drainage facilities, it will be slightly different, so when choosing land, choose the land with convenient irrigation and rich water sources, otherwise the water needed for breeding every year will be a lot of expenditure.

5. Anti-escape facilities: mainly for the anti-escape net around the breeding pond and the anti-theft net around the park, plus the labor cost of about 10 yuan per mu.