"Ginseng in the water" how to raise Loach in winter?

Misgurnus anguillicaudatus, known as "ginseng in the water", is loved by the majority of consumers, and is very popular in domestic and foreign markets. Loach has been popular in the market for more than ten years since 1995, with an annual demand of 10-150000 tons, but the market can only supply 50-60, 000 tons, with a large gap. Loach culture has become an effective way to start a business and get rich. How to raise the Loach in winter? Are the costs and profits high?

First, how to cultivate Loach in winter?

1. Pond construction

Choose the place where it is convenient to draw water, avoid the wind and the sun, have no pesticide pollution and weak alkaline sediment to build the pond. the pond can be a cement pond or a soil pond. The wall of the earth pool needs to be built with bricks and stones, or hammered with concrete, and the bottom of the pool needs to be rammed so that it is sturdy and durable without loopholes, and the bottom is covered with 20-30 cm of fat mud. The inlet and outlet is blocked with a wire or plastic net, and the bottom of the pool is tilted toward the outlet for drainage and fishing.

2. Cultivating water and sowing seeds

The pond is cleaned and disinfected according to the seedling cultivation method, the water depth is kept at 30-50 cm, and organic fertilizers such as pig manure are applied to cultivate water quality, with a dosage of 100 square meters and 20-30 kg. After the medicine disappears and the pond water turns into fertilizer, the species of Loach can be put in, and those with running water can be increased appropriately.

3. Feeding and management

On the basis of improving water quality and providing natural bait, it is necessary to increase the feeding of animal feed such as clam meat, small mixed fish meat, fish meal, maggots, earthworms, livestock and poultry scraps, as well as plant feed such as wheat bran, bean dregs, rice bran, cakes, or artificial compound feed. It is generally fed once a day in the morning and afternoon, and the daily feeding amount is 5% of the body weight of Loach. 10%. Feeding should be controlled flexibly according to weather, water quality and food intake. The appetite of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus gradually increases when the water temperature is above 15 ℃. The range of 20-30 ℃ is the optimum temperature for feeding. The appetite of 25-27 ℃ is especially strong. It can not be fed in thunderstorm days when the temperature is more than 30 ℃ or below 15 ℃. In addition, reasonable fertilization should be carried out according to the water quality and fertility, the transparency of the pool water should be controlled at 15-20 cm, and the water color should be yellowish green. When the water temperature reaches 30 ℃, the pool water should be changed frequently and the water depth should be increased; when the Loach often swims to the surface to "swallow air", it indicates that there is a lack of oxygen in the water, so fertilizer should be stopped and new water should be injected. The depth of the pond water should be increased in winter, and barnyard manure such as cow manure and pig manure can be applied in the pond corner to improve the water temperature and ensure the Loach to survive the winter safely.

Second, is the cost and profit of Loach breeding high?

(1) cost

1. Surface rent

Assuming that the rent on the water surface is 600 yuan / mu / year (different places, you can adjust the data by yourself), for the 2 mu Loach pond, the rent cost on the water surface is about 1200 yuan.

2. Funds for the purchase of seedlings

For two mu of water surface, 1200 jin of Loach seedlings are released, which is calculated at 28 yuan per jin, which costs 33600 yuan.

3. Feed cost

1200 jin of seedlings need to put in 5000 jin of feed, and the cost of bait is about 15000 yuan. If the aquaculture pond is rich in aquatic plants, humus, aquatic organisms and plankton, coupled with self-produced rice bran, wheat bran, bean dregs and vegetables as feed, the feed cost will certainly be greatly reduced and the profit will be higher.

4. Other expenses

Other expenses mainly include fishery medicine, water and electricity, labor wages, Loach pond renovation, etc., totaling about 8000 yuan.

The culture period of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus is generally about 3-5 months. To sum up, the total cost of culture is about 60000 yuan. Of course, the above is calculated according to the national average. If you take into account the level of technology, market prices and other volatility factors, as well as other unexpected factors, the total investment cost will also be different.

(2) income

Raise two mu of Loach on the surface of the water, invest 1200 jin of seedlings, and the output is about 6000 jin. The market price of commercial Loach (according to conservative price) is estimated to be 15 yuan per jin, and the total income of 6000 jin of Loach is 90000 yuan. Artificial cultivation of Loach can be put into 2-3 batches of seedlings every year, so the yield benefit per mu should be several times.

(3) profits

Suppose you invest three times a year, then the income is 270000 yuan, the cost is 180000 yuan, and the profit is 90000 yuan.

However, the profits of different ways of raising Loach are not the same. The following several main breeding models are analyzed in detail.

1. Net cage benefit analysis: there are 50 cages per mu pond, the cost of the cage is 3000 yuan (300 yuan per year after 3 years of use), 1000 jin of seedlings per mu, 10 yuan per jin, a total of 10000 yuan, feed fee 12000 yuan, medicine and other expenses 750 yuan, the total input cost per mu is about 25750 yuan. The output of Loach is 4000 jin per mu, the price is 12 yuan per jin, and the total income is 48000 yuan. Minus the cost, the profit is 22250 yuan per mu. In addition, the income of silver carp and green shrimp outside the cage is higher.

The cost of investing one mu of Loach in cage culture is 25750 yuan. The specific fee first looks at the cost of a net cage: 60 yuan for a net cage; 20 jin of wild Loach needs to be purchased, totaling 200 yuan; after 4-6 months of feeding, the weight gain is 4-6 times, up to at least 80 jin, and the feed cost for each jin of weight gain is 4 yuan. The total feed cost is 240 yuan. If a large number of earthworms bred by themselves are used as feed, the cost can be reduced by 20%; the drug cost is 15 yuan; the above total is 515 yuan.

2. Benefit analysis of cement pool: the construction cost of a 10 square meter cement pool is 300 won 400 yuan, and the seedlings can be put in 30 jin. The purchase of 1 jin Loach seedling is 9 won 10 yuan, and the Loach Miao'an 10 yuan calculation: 30 jin × 10 yuan / jin = 300 yuan. Feed preparation by ourselves: the feeding cost for each jin of Loach is 1.1yuan. After 4 months of feeding, the feeding cost is 4.4yuan, feed cost 396yuan, medicine 15 yuan, and a 10 square meter cement pool with a total investment of 1100 yuan. It can produce 120jin of Loach, and the output value in just 4 months is 1440 yuan. Annual net profit: (1440 yuan (output value)-300yuan (seedlings)-396yuan (feeding cost)-15 yuan (medicine) = 729yuan net profit). 50 ponds of 10 square meters can be built per mu, the annual output of Loach per mu can reach 6000 jin, the price per jin is 12 yuan, and the output value is 72000 yuan. Minus the cost, the profit per mu is more than 36000 yuan.