Detailed explanation of tilapia culture technology points

At present, China has been the first big country to use tilapia culture technology, and tilapia has become one of the leading aquatic products in the export output of the main aquaculture species in China. So what are the key points of tilapia culture techniques?

First, pond preparation

1. Site selection

The pond should be kept free of pollution sources, convenient for water and electricity, and convenient for transportation. Good water quality and plenty of sunshine cannot be next to tall buildings. The pond is easy to enter and drain, the bottom of the pond should be flat and free of impurities, and the area should be 0.37~0.54hm2. It is best to choose a pond with mud bottom or sand sediment. Keep the water depth uniform, generally 1.8-2.5m. In order to prevent hypoxia, it is recommended to be equipped with 3kW three-phase impeller aerator.

2. Disinfection

In addition, the pond should be disinfected before stocking, and the main methods of pond cleaning are dry pond cleaning pond and water cleaning pond.

(1) clearing ponds in dry ponds

Is to first dry the water in the pond or leave 5~10cm, and then dig a small hole in the bottom of the pond or use a bucket, put 50~75kg quicklime to add water to dissolve, and immediately sprinkle evenly around the bottom of the pond, the foot of the embankment should also be sprinkled, and finally use rake to move the pond mud for disinfection.

(2) clear ponds with water

Ten days before the fry was planted in the pond, 10~20cm was sprinkled and disinfected with 250kg quicklime water throughout the pond, and the quicklime was also sprinkled in the whole pond immediately after being dissolved in a wooden barrel.

2. Water quality cultivation

The water inflow into the pond is about 1.0m 10 days after cleaning, and it is strictly filtered by 60mm 80 mesh sieve silk when entering the water, and the inlet water keeps the water depth of 80m 100c. After cleaning and disinfection, 300~500kg manure was applied to keep the water quality good, so as to cultivate an appropriate amount of phytoplankton and zooplankton. Fertilizing and cultivating water at noon on a sunny day was selected to promote the breeding of plankton and improve the basic yield and self-purification capacity of the pond.

III. Release of fish fry

1. Selection of fish fry

When stocking fish species, fish species with a full length of 15cm and a weight of more than 100g are generally selected. And to choose regular tilapia seedlings, with neat specifications, strong physique, swimming lively, fast growth and other characteristics.

2. Release time

Tilapia is a tropical fish, so it is necessary to keep the water temperature not lower than 18 ℃, and the temperature difference in the fry pond is less than 2 ℃. Until the water temperature was stable and the pond was disinfected for 10-15 days, the toxicity disappeared and the plankton multiplied in large numbers. The optimal stocking density is 1600 tails / 667m2. And with a certain proportion of water purification fish, such as winter fish, bighead carp and silver carp and so on.

IV. Daily management

1. Feeding

The crude protein content of fish seed feed is required to reach 35% to 40%. The green feed is used as an assistant, and the green feed is required to have no pesticide residue. Keep the crushing fineness of feed raw materials above 40 mesh.

2. Increasing oxygen

The microporous aerator is used to increase oxygen, and the aerator is opened every day in summer. The stirring effect of the aerator is used to increase the dissolved oxygen of the water body, promote the decomposition of organic matter of the bottom impurities, and prevent the floating head phenomenon of fish due to hypoxia.