Encyclopedic knowledge of orchid fertilization

The agricultural proverb "A flower in a crop depends on fertilizer" is also very applicable to orchids. Orchid is a fertile plant, it is difficult to meet its perennial growth needs only by relying on the fertilizer in the plant material in the pot. If the orchid is planted in the pot for a long time, the nutrients in the plant material are gradually reduced, so proper fertilization is needed. Fertilization is not only one of the important links in orchid cultivation, but also a unique skill that is extremely difficult to grasp in orchid cultivation, so it is necessary to study, explore, practice and sum up carefully. First, the orchid needs the main fertilizer ingredient 1, nitrogen, mainly to promote the exuberant growth of stems and leaves, thick green leaves. When lack of nitrogen fertilizer, the leaf color is yellowish and the plant grows slowly. The content of nitrogen fertilizer is more in soybean cake, oil crops and urea. 2. Phosphorus can promote root development, plant enrichment, and promote the formation and development of flower buds and leaf buds. The content of phosphate fertilizer is more in bone meal, fish meal and calcium superphosphate. 3. Potassium can dissolve and transfer nutrients to the cells, make the plant firm, enrich the stem and leaf tissue, grow upright, and enhance the plant's ability to resist diseases and insect pests. Potassium-deficient plants will become short, the leaves will be soft and scorched, and even the growth will be hindered. Potassium is mainly contained in plant ash and potassium inorganic fertilizer. The above three fertilizers are the main fertilizer nutrients to promote the growth of orchids. What we usually call fertilization is also the main application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. In addition, orchids also need calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron and manganese, copper, boron, zinc and other trace elements in the growth process. But in general, there is no shortage of plant materials, and it is generally not necessary to add them. If it is missing, it can be solved by changing the plant material, or it can be applied with full-price synthetic organic fertilizer. Second, the types of fertilizers needed for orchids can be divided into two categories: organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, as well as highly efficient synthetic flower fertilizer and biological bacterial fertilizer. 1. Commonly used organic fertilizer: a, human and animal fertilizer, used after urine fermentation and retting, called "golden juice" in ancient times, mainly composed of nitrogen; manure from cattle, sheep, pigs and dogs can be used not only as dry fertilizer, but also into fertilizer and water, diluted and used. This kind of fertilizer contains a full range of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. B, retting fertilizer, the traditional use of many kinds of retting fertilizer, such as bean cake, rapeseed cake, fish water, chicken feathers, fish belly intestines and other bubble liquid fermentation, retting 3muri diluted use after 6 months, retting fertilizer in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer is also more complete. C, grass juice, with spring or early summer growth of tender grass into water juice, the main fertilizer is divided into nitrogen fertilizer. 2. Commonly used inorganic fertilizers: the commonly used inorganic fertilizers are potassium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and so on. These inorganic fertilizers have different effects on orchids and contain certain inorganic salts, so they should be used with caution. 3. Efficient synthesis of organic liquid fertilizer and biological bacterial fertilizer: a, blue fungus king, full-valent nutrient elements, with the role of promoting root, accelerating bud and strengthening seedlings. B, plant whole, comprehensive mineral health ingredient, can promote root, accelerate bud, improve vitality, prevent virus infection and so on. C, Xishuo, natural algae fertilizer and soil improver, containing various elements and natural plant hormones, live bacteriocin, can resist cold, drought, humidity, inhibit virus infection and so on. D, promote root growth, integrate plant root nutrition auxiliaries, make the root more exuberant, so that the orchid plant grows rapidly and can inhibit virus infection. 4. Long-acting slow-release granular fertilizers, such as "magic fertilizer" and "available fertilizer" made in the United States and "Yiduo" made in Taiwan, are put in the basin to release fertilizer slowly for many years. Third, the orchids need to be applied during the growing period of the year, the fertilizers needed are as follows: 1. Su fertilizer is used to break dormancy and promote early germination in order to win a longer growth period. When the temperature is more than 15c during the day and not less than 5c at night, it is better to spray inorganic fertilizer (such as urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate) and biological bacterial fertilizer on the leaf. 2. Sprouting fertilizer is applied to promote early sprouting and multiple sprouting, and to win effective buds in early autumn. After applying soda fertilizer, 7murmury could be applied in 10 days. 3. To promote root fertilizer, when the leaf buds extend around the 3cm, there will be a pause growth period, at this time gradually grow new roots, enter the period of vegetative growth and reproductive growth, and then need more nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium to promote the rapid growth of new roots. 4. to promote fertilizer is to meet the rapid development, rapid growth and rapid maturity of new buds of orchid plants, and to sprout for the second time in late summer and early autumn, and to win the need for early development and maturity of the second crop buds. It is the longest and most frequent application of fertilizer in a year. It is better to use organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and biological bacterial fertilizer alternately, root fertilizer and foliar fertilizer alternately. 5. Flower fertilizer is applied to promote the development and growth of flower buds and to achieve the purpose of many flowers, large flowers, colorful and fragrant taste. 6. cold-resistant fertilizer, stop applying nitrogen fertilizer 30 days before overwintering, and apply more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to facilitate overwintering, because phosphorus can reduce the freezing point of plant cells, potassium can increase plant cellulose, stem and leaf cortex is tough, choose phosphoric acid. Potassium hydrogen is irrigated by roots or leaves. According to Mr. Shen Yuanru, after leaving the house in early spring, Magnolia is fertilized twice before and after the Qingming Festival, each time at an interval of half a month; the young buds and new roots need more nutrients during the germination period and need to apply strong grass fertilizer; during the plum rain, the sub-grass grows very fast, and the sunny day is fertilized twice; when Lesser Heat, the orchid plant is thin and topdressing with light fertilizer once; White Dew to the Autumn Equinox apply light fertilizer for the last time; if there is an autumn pole after Cold Dew, you can apply light fertilizer again.

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