Classification and characteristics of national orchids

The geophytic orchid is suitable to grow in the loose soil layer of the earth's surface. The geophytic orchid originating in China is also called "national orchid". It has high ornamental value and economic value. At present, there is no successful report on the poor seed reproduction ability and the difficulty of tissue culture of ground orchid. Therefore, although there are many kinds of terrestrial orchids, the quantity is small and the price is high. Such as: spring orchid, lotus petal orchid, cymbidium, Jianlan, spring sword orchid, cold orchid, ink orchid, Siji orchid and so on. Chunlan is also known as grass orchid and mountain orchid. Cymbidium is widely distributed and rich in resources. The plant of Cymbidium is short, the leaves are long and narrow, the middle part is slightly wide, the leaf width is 1-1.5cm, the length is 20-40cm, and the leaves are denticulate. The pseudobulb is smaller. The flower is solitary, less than 2, the flower color is mainly yellow-green, green-white, the flower arrow is short and erect, the bract is longer than ovary. It is from February to March of a year, and the time can last about one month. The scent of the flowers is rich and pure. Valuable varieties have various colors of lotus, plum, daffodils, butterflies and other petals. In terms of petal shape, Jiangsu and Zhejiang famous products are the most typical. The lotus petal orchid is very similar to the spring orchid. It once belonged to the spring orchid and is now independent of the same category. The leaves of lotus petal orchid are extremely narrow and long, 0.4-0.8cm wide, 30-50cm long, bow-shaped, similar in thickness, narrower and longer than Chunlan. Flowering period from January to March, more than one arrow, often 3mur5. The flowers are mainly white, slightly reddish and yellow, with obvious veins. The lotus petal orchid has beautiful color, pleasant fragrance, great variation and many strange flowers, which has high economic value. Such as ordering Cangmei and so on. The roots of Huilan are thick and tapering, the leaves are narrowly banded, the quality is rough, hard, pale green, the leaf margin is serrated obviously, the midrib is prominent. The leaf width is about 1.0cm, and the length is 25-80cm. The leaves are strongly erect, the leaf base is folded, the leaf teeth are sharp, and the leaf sheath spreads away after seedling, and there is no obvious pseudobulb. Flowers and arrows stand upright, more than leaves, more than one arrow, often 5mur18. The petals are smaller than the sepals, the trifid of the genus is not obvious, there are many pore-like hairs on the middle lobe, the lips are curled, and the edges are short hairs. The fragrance of the flowers is long-lasting, with yellow, white, green, light red and complex colors, mostly colored flowers, as well as plain flowers and butterfly flowers. The florescence is from March to April. Such as sending spring and so on. Spring Jian is often called authentic Sichuan orchid. Although there are famous products in Yunnan and Guichuan, Sichuan orchid is the most expensive. The leaves are short and wide, sword-shaped, 1.2-1.5cm in width and 50-70cm in length, with strong erect, transparent veins, folded leaf base, obvious pseudobulb and spherical shape. The flowers and arrows stand upright, and the leaf sheaths are still folded into bundles after the seedlings are formed. Flowering period from January to April, more than one arrow, 3mur5 flowers, rich in color, red, yellow, white, green, purple, black and complex color, gorgeous and dazzling, slim appearance, elegant charm, pure fragrance, often the first choice for orchid farmers. Such as Tonghai sword orchid. Jian Lan Jian Lan has thick roots, well-developed pseudobulbs, oblate, thin leathery leaves, yellowish green, upright rigidity, glossy, rough back, and obvious kyphosis of the main vein. The leaf width is 1.2-2.5cm, the length is 25-50cm, and the middle part of the leaf is wide. Flowers are as high as leaves, or higher than leaves, flowering in summer and autumn. The color of the flower is milky white, yellowish green, with purplish red veins or erythema, the petals are 3-long of calyx, the labellum is wide and round, the trifid is not obvious, and the middle lobe is reversed. The base of bracts has nectaries and strong fragrance. Such as osteobin, lotus element and so on. Four Seasons Orchid refers to Jianlan, including summer flowering Xialan, Qiulan and so on. Four seasons orchid strong and straight, green flowers numerous, fragrant flowers beautiful, not afraid of summer, not afraid of cold, strong vitality, easy to cultivate. The flowering period of different varieties was different, and the flowers could be seen from May to December. Hanlan is distributed in Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangdong and Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and other places in the southwest. Cold orchid root is slightly thick, false bulb long oval, tufted. Cold orchid leaves than the four seasons orchid slender, especially the leaf base is thinner, the leaf posture is elegant and unrestrained, green and beautiful, there are large, medium, thin leaves and edge and other varieties. The leaf width is 0.8-1.6cm, the length is 30-80cm, and the leaf width of the broad-leaf species is 1.2-2.2cm, and the length is 60-110cm. The leaves are thin leathery, dark green, the leaves are spreading and shiny, the leaf base is narrow, the leaf tip is drooping, the leaf foot is high, 3mur7 gather, and the midrib and lateral vein sulcus are obvious. The middle one of the new leaves is 3-wide white and bright, with green on both sides, and shows obvious hidden green pattern of keel nodes. Flowers are higher than leaves, more than one arrow, often more than ten. Sepals as long as Phoenix claws, often rewind after blooming, core column curved. Flowers and colors are rich, there are yellow, green, purple, dark purple and other colors, there are generally miscellaneous veins and spots, but also clean and flawless plain flowers. Sepals and holding petals are narrow, unique style, elegant and lovely, aroma. Flowering in winter. Such as blue cold orchid, purple cold orchid, red cold orchid and so on. Ink Orchid, also known as Orchid, Bye Orchid, Fengshi Orchid, etc., originated in Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Yunnan, Taiwan, Hainan and so on. Orchid farmers in southern China, especially in Guangdong and Yunnan, are most fond of cultivation and ornamental. The root of Magnolia is thick and long, the pseudobulb is well developed, oval, the leaf width is 2.7-5cm, the leaf length is 45-80cm, the leaf tip is obliquely inclined or sagging, the leaf margin is curled back, the leaf is thin and leathery, and the leaf surface is dark green and shiny. The arrows are thick and tall, half under the leaves and half on the leaves. There are many flowers in one arrow, often 7Mel 21, the bracts are short, there are nectaries at the base, and the fragrance of flowers is strong. Sepals narrow, light brown, with purple veins, flowering in spring and autumn. Such as: Chinese New year orchid, Phnom Penh ink orchid. Epiphytic orchids are suitable for growing on tree trunks or rock surfaces and are native to tropical and subtropical rain forests. they have developed aerial roots and absorb water and nutrients in the air. Most of the epiphytic orchids have large flowers, bright colors, warm and unrestrained, also known as "foreign orchids". Such as: the king of orchids-Cartland, queen of orchids-Phalaenopsis, as well as Wandai Orchid, Dendrobium, Tiger Orchid, Wenshan Red column Orchid, Shrimp Ridge Orchid and so on. Semi-epiphytic orchids can be either terrestrial or epiphytic, or part of the plant root and part of the epiphytic orchid. Such as: rabbit ear orchid, Paphiopedilum, garlic orchid and so on. Saprophytic orchids have only well-developed rhizomes and no green leaves, and their nutrients are provided by symbiotic fungi. Such as: big root orchid.