Practical techniques for introduction to Apis cerana cerana cerana

Chinese honeybee (Apis cerana Next, let's talk about the basic practical technology of Chinese honeybee breeding.

1. Strong group feeding and management

(1) choose a king

It is appropriate to choose a king with a score of more than 70 points, change the king in spring or winter, and change the king once or twice a year to keep the colony strong.

(2) double king group and double box breeding: advocate double king group and double box breeding.

Adopt the Chinese bee ten-frame standard box or the FWF type medium beehive, use the frame type king board to divide the space in the box into two rooms, each room raises a group, the nest door is opened in the front of the box, usually raise double king boxes, and the relay box can be superimposed to get honey when adding the relay box. When adding the relay box, you should extract 3-4 frames of lid spleen or big larva spleen and put a honey powder spleen on one side of the relay box, and add an empty nest spleen to the nest spleen, and add a king board between the nest box or relay box. Allow the queen bee to lay eggs in the nest box. During the honey production period, a king board should be added between the nest box and the successor box.

(3) keep adequate feed in the group.

When there is a lack of honey powder in the outside world and there is no storage in the group, the sterilized pollen should be fed by spleen, or the pollen cake made from pollen substitute should be fed on the frame beam. When there is lack of honey, the honey should be fed in the beehive at night. Each feeding amount should be suitable for 2-3 days for the colony.

two。 Breeding period management

(1) breeding period

Generally divided into spring, summer and autumn breeding period, the breeding period should pay attention to heat preservation, supply sufficient feed, expand the colony potential in time, artificial breeding king, double king raising in the same box.

(2) artificial rearing king

Select the colony of more than 5 frames, divide the colony into the breeding area and the breeding area with the royal board, the queen remains in the breeding area, put honey powder spleen and larva spleen in the breeding area, and the breeding area accounts for 2% of the original nest spleen, or temporarily propose the queen of the colony and put it back after the royal platform is accepted, adopt a narrow king frame with inner diameter 200~250mm and high 200~220mm, and install artificial royal platforms with diameter 8mm and deep 11mm on the king frame, and the distance between the platform and the platform is 9mm~10mm 15 ~ 20 larvae within 24 hours were moved into each frame, and immediately after the larvae were transferred, they were put into the Yuking area. The next day, the king frame was put forward again, and the larvae in the platform were taken out, and then moved into the larvae of 18h~24h from the mother group, and bred into the queen bee.

(3) organizational mating group

The improved breeds which are not related to the mother group or introduced from other places are selected to breed the drones 20 days before the artificial breeding of the king; 10 days after the double transfer of the king, the lid spleen with 1 / 2 frames of pink honey is put from the strong group, and the bee is put into a high-quality royal platform to form a mating group, and then put into a mature royal platform after the queen's mating is lost.

(4) feeding after artificial distribution of bees

From the original group, a box of lid spleen, a box of honey powder spleen and a box of larval spleen are put into one side of the partition board, and the side nest door is opened to put the mature royal platform. After the successful mating of the new queen bee, a new group is formed. The new group is raised in the same box with the old group, and it is appropriate to raise the mother and daughter in the same box or sister in the same box. If the worker bees are partial to a group, they should adjust the group potential, change the direction of the nest door, add the base in time to make the spleen, expand the honeycomb, and replace the old spleen with the new spleen. When the population potential reaches 5 nests and spleen, it should be raised in a single box, and when the nectar period or the temperature is more than 25 ℃, it should be raised in a single box.

3. Oversummer stage management

(1) preparation for summer

There is a lack of honey and powder sources in the field from the end of July to the end of August, and the high temperature persists. During this period, the weak groups below 2 frames should be merged, and each group should be adjusted to the potential of 4-5 frames to remove the nest insects in the box or on the nest spleen, and the honey spleen should be covered with 1-2 boxes in the group.

(2) cooling management

The beehive should be moved to the shade or under the eaves, or a cool shed should be built for shade. When it is hot at noon, water can be sprinkled around the hive to cool down, open the ventilation window and expand the nest door, so as to facilitate the cooling of the beehive. When the air temperature exceeds 35 ℃, feed water to the beehive and sprinkle water outside the hive to cool the beehive.

(3) check

High temperature weather should be mainly observed outside the box, if it is found that worker bees have little attendance, they should choose to open the box in the evening and improve the conditions in the box in time.

(4) Prevention and control of natural enemies

When it is hot in summer, the beehive should be raised to prevent toads and ants from harming the colony, and often hunt down wasps and other natural enemies.

(5) check after summer

At the beginning of September, sporadic honey sources appeared in the field, and bees began to breed. We should make a comprehensive inspection in time, adjust the population potential, eliminate nesting insects, merge weak groups and reward and feed them.

4. Bee colony overwintering phase management

The main results are as follows: (1) in the last period of honey source, the honey spleen is reserved for the bee colony. Merge the colony to replace the queen bee with aging and poor fecundity.

(2) at the end of the last honey source, supplement the small and medium-sized colony with strong swarm bees and capped spleen, and withdraw the excess nest spleen from the colony to keep the bee spleen commensurate or slightly more than the spleen.

(3) keep sufficient spawning space and honey powder feed in the nest and reward feeding.

(4) Bee colonies are placed under deciduous trees with high terrain, dry, sheltered, quiet, half-overcast and half-sun over the winter. after the fallen leaves in the middle and later stages of the forest, the honeybee colony has enough daylight. in the early stage of overwintering, it is only necessary to add heat preservation on the auxiliary cover, and heat preservation in the nest is carried out in the middle and later period of overwintering. When the winter temperature drops below 0 ℃, the bee colony stops feeding larvae, colony formation and collection activities. And take heat preservation measures such as wrapping the beehive and leaving the door of the hive.

(5) overwintering bee colony management. Often observe outside the box, timely find and deal with the abnormal situation of the bee colony overwintering, listen to the slight "buzzing" sound of the colony at the nest door or tap on the wall of the box, and immediately calm down, which is normal. Out-of-box inspection found that worker bees shake their wings in and out of the nest door, and the sound inside the box is chaotic, indicating that they may lose the king, so they should open the box at sunny and warm noon for inspection. If the lost king should be lured into the reserve king or merged into his colony. The inspection outside the box found that the colony was noisy and restless, and there were dead bees with broken heads and wings from the nest, and there were fragments of nest and spleen, which may have insect pests, so they should be killed in time to find and plug learning loopholes, and the inspection outside the box found that the colony was agitated and restless for a long time. It may be lack of water or honey. If the colony is scattered, it indicates that honey should be added. If honey crystals are taken out from the nest door, 0.2% salt water can be fed at the nest door.