A brief discussion on the vernalization of Chunlan

The orchid that needs vernalization refers to the bud period of pregnancy, and the orchid that does not come to the bud does not need vernalization. The large temperature difference between day and night is a necessary condition for good opening. If vernalization is recommended for indoor vernalization in the north (the temperature is controlled at 1: 12 ℃, the temperature difference is about 40 to 50 days with a temperature difference of about 10 ℃), the sun blossoms (the sun flowering here is not direct sunlight, it is best to scatter light, it is best to ensure that the temperature of Cymbidium is 8: 20 ℃, Cymbidium is between 10: 23 ℃, it is best not to exceed 25 ℃).

Vernalization time in the north is usually carried out during the Lesser Snow-Greater Cold period! Vernalization to below 10 degrees above 4 degrees (can be above 0 degrees) "freeze" orchid with bud (spring orchid, cymbidium), 30 days before the bud can open normally. Put the orchid grass in a place where you can't see the sun and slowly heat it up in the air-conditioned room a month later, not immediately 24 degrees, 16 degrees on the first day, 18 degrees after 2 days, 20 degrees after 4 days, 24 degrees after 6 days (temperature, time according to the condition of the bud), of course, humidity should be a little bit, and the sun is best when it is rare in the heating process, so that the pole will be straight.

With regard to the vernalization of Chunlan, all previous dynasties have attached great importance to the full vernalization of Chunlan. It is suggested that in winter, especially during the period from heavy snow to Greater Cold, orchids should be kept at a low temperature of 0: 10 ℃, and the temperature difference between day and night should be kept at about 10 ℃, so as to accumulate sufficient nutrients and prepare for flower arrows to bloom after spring. Full vernalization, temperature difference should be appropriate is a necessary condition to promote Chunlan flowers and arrows in place, and fully comply with the natural characteristics of Chunlan flowering. There is not enough vernalization during pregnancy, and there is not enough relative humidity during scape. If you force it to open, it will be hasty and there will be a big discount. The substantive problem of demonstration is that Chunlan must undergo vernalization at low temperature before it can blossom and produce a good opening product. This paper attempts to say from the daily dill process and some cases that Chunlan opens a good product without vernalization; it has no intention to overturn the theoretical point of view of its predecessors and orchid friends, and dare not talk to them about the Orchid Sutra here. Intended to communicate with each other, common improvement, seek common ground while reserving differences, improper and wrong, please criticize and correct.

The author began to raise orchids on the balcony in 2000. Chunlan, Huilan, Jianlan, Mulan and Han Landuo dabbled in, the varieties can be said to be very miscellaneous, but they have a special preference for Chunlan and Huilan, especially when the spring orchids are in bloom, the room is full of fragrance and refreshing. In the process of dill orchid for several years, the author constantly learned the knowledge of orchid cultivation from his predecessors, from the aspects of cultivation, watering, fertilization, planting material, sunshine, ventilation and so on, and learned that spring orchid flowering needs low temperature vernalization.

Around New Year's Day in 2005, the author visited an old Lan family who loved Lan all his life and benefited a lot from it. Now the old man has passed away and is very sad. When we talked about the vernalization of Chunlan, my husband said, look at Song Mei, who is in bloom in my home, the opening product is very good, the flowers are fragrant, the flowers are about 10 centimeters, without vernalization, our temperature during the day is about 20 degrees, after 0 o'clock it is about 16 degrees (collective heating, the temperature at night is sometimes the same as during the day), it starts to deflate at 5 o'clock in the morning, the temperature rises to about 20 degrees, and sometimes it reaches 23 degrees at noon. Humidity 30-45 degrees, no way to experience low temperature training, basically the same as the ambient temperature of your home If the heating is turned off and the temperature control is lower, there is no problem to let the flowers blossom at the right time for the Spring Festival (February). It is better to let nature take its course. I never artificially control the temperature. What needs to be explained here is to turn off the heating, the temperature in this room is not less than 10 degrees at night, it will reach 18 degrees during the day, and the temperature difference between day and night is about 8 degrees, because the heating in other rooms is on. The plant materials for raising orchids are all pine soil on our local mountain, and they are raised on the indoor balcony. The water is watered once every 10-15 days in spring and autumn, and the sun shines directly. In summer, according to the weather and temperature, the sun can no longer shine indoors. Once a month in winter, water is watered with tap water. The sun shines directly. Fertilizer is retted with fish, peanut meal and rice water. It is irrigated once every 15 days in spring and autumn. It depends on the temperature and weather in summer. No fertilizer is applied when the temperature exceeds 30 degrees, no fertilizer is applied on rainy days, and chemical fertilizers are never used. Looking at the lush and green orchids on the balcony, I sincerely admire my husband's orchid skills.

Using pure pine soil (pine needles under the mountain pine tree rotted and mixed with the soil) to raise orchids, the author has used it, mainly because the moisture is not easy to master, especially in the Meiyu season, when the whole army is wiped out because of high temperature and humidity. The author's little peach red, big wealth, brocade flag, down the mountain Huilan butterfly (20 seedlings) and so on have already died in the west, although it is not an inscription, but after all, I have followed the author for many years. It is heartbreaking to see the small buds issued by the little peach old man left on the balcony. With this painful lesson, we no longer dare to use pure pine soil. Now we use stone planting 70% + pine bark 30% (or pine soil) as planting material, with full sunshine in spring, autumn and winter, with Chunlan and Huilan in front. In May, they moved to the rear open-air balcony. Before 9:30 and when the sun was about to set in the afternoon, they could see the sun, despite the wind and rain, and sprayed methyl topiramate after heavy rain. Fertilizer with fish miscellaneous, peanut meal, Amoy rice water, pig bones self-retting, occasionally with expired milk, yogurt directly irrigated root, the effect is also good, a few years down quite a harvest. (doubt 1: orchids like cleaning, this retting fat and water is smelly and disgusting, and the next day is not watered back to the soul, let the stench slowly dissipate.) Last autumn, I moved the orchids from the north balcony (open air) to the indoor south balcony. I want to verify that the old man said that spring orchids bloom without low temperature vernalization. I divided the orchids into two groups, one with a bud on the south balcony, the temperature was controlled at minus 2-15 degrees, the humidity was about 30-50 degrees, vernalization ended with Greater Cold, and the other group was placed indoors without a bud, with a temperature of about 1520 degrees and a humidity of 3040 degrees. Among them, a pot with bud silver pole element, a pot with flower bud big snow element, a pot with flower bud small snow element is put in the indoor management, since late January 2008, after vernalization Yu butterfly and non-vernalization big, small snow element and so on, bloom one after another, reaching the full bloom during the Spring Festival. After careful comparison, no matter from the point of view of the height of flowers and flowers, there is no big difference. What the author did not expect is that the dragon character, which has been kept indoors, unearthed four buds in late February, and Da Xue Su and Xiao Xue Su also came to a flower bud (doubt 2: the Spring Festival has already opened, Dasu and Xiao Su each have two flower arrows, can it blossom repeatedly in the same season? ), at first, it should be regarded as a bud, because most of the varieties of Cymbidium and Lianpetal have passed their flowering period, and they will come to bud now. The dragon word bud has opened its mouth and emitted a slight fragrance, and the flower flower is also rising day by day. Now the indoor temperature is 16-23 degrees, the humidity is about 30-45 degrees, and the outdoor temperature is 29 degrees. No matter the indoor temperature or outdoor temperature, all do not have the temperature and conditions for vernalization.

To sum up, as long as water, fertilizer, temperature, humidity, light and other appropriate, timely window ventilation, there is a certain temperature difference between day and night, spring, Huilan and so on do not go through low temperature vernalization, we can still open products to our satisfaction.

Zhang Zhiqiang