How to make orchids vernalization better

In 1918, Gassner studied the phenomenon that low temperature can promote plant flowering. In 1935, Soviet geneticists put forward the concept of vernalization and pointed out that the process of plant flowering induced by low temperature was called vernalization.

Orchid friends in Guangdong and Taiwan all say that Chunlan and Huilan can come to flower buds locally, but very few can produce good products, and often flower buds wither soon after they appear. This is due to the lack of vernalization, and now many growers have been able to make vernalization orchids bloom successfully after mastering the mechanism of vernalization.

First, the effect of vernalization on the opening of orchids.

Cymbidium, cymbidium, Douban, lotus petal, spring sword, send spring and other plants belong to low temperature vernalization type plants, their growth and development process put forward certain requirements for temperature conditions, especially in the process of vegetative growth into reproductive growth. Such as the vernalization of orchids has long been generally accepted by orchids, but at present, the physiological mechanism of vernalization is generally mentioned at once, which makes many orchids foggy. Therefore, the word "vernalization" sometimes makes Lanyou feel a little complicated and confusing.

Part of the view is that vernalization starts the genes that determine the continued differentiation of flower buds in the plant, and finally leads to a series of physiological processes, thus transforming the orchid bud tip meristem into flower primordia in a specific region. Some researchers believe that in the process of low temperature induction, the protein and nucleic acid of the plant have changed, resulting in specific mRNA, rRNA. Therefore, it can be considered that there is a certain relationship between low temperature and nucleic acid metabolism in orchids. For example, in the process of asexual ramet propagation, the cells that have completed the vernalization effect of orchid plants can transmit vernalization information by way of division, that is, the daughter cells that have not yet experienced the vernalization effect can feel the vernalization effect of mother cells. Another view is that under the induction of low temperature, plants will produce the so-called "vernalization". The precursor of this substance is an intermediate product at low temperature, while "vernalization" is passivated at high temperature. When under certain temperature conditions, this intermediate product will be transformed into a stable substance, namely "vernalization".

According to the state of the plant when the orchid feels vernalization, it is called plant vernalization. According to the quantitative response of vernalization to the low temperature effect of orchid plants, if there is no low temperature treatment, it can only lead to the delay of flowering time or the decrease of the number of flowers, resulting in unsatisfactory opening.

Second, the best temperature and time of orchid vernalization.

The time for orchid plants to complete vernalization varies with species, varieties and specific temperature. The temperature range of plants through vernalization also varies with species and varieties, usually in the range of 0-10 ℃, of which 0-7 ℃ is suitable for most plants that need vernalization. The vernalization temperature of lotus petal is 5-15 ℃. At this temperature, spring orchid, spring sword, lotus petal, spring and Douban can be satisfied in 20 days, while cymbidium can be satisfied in about 30 days. The successful completion of vernalization of orchid plants depends not only on temperature conditions, but also on certain light conditions before flowering after vernalization. In many cases, although the plant is in the appropriate vernalization temperature, but if the treatment time is too long, the degree of vernalization will be weakened, this phenomenon is called "excessive vernalization". When the vernalization process of the plant is not completely over, put it at room temperature, it will cause the vernalization effect to be weakened or disappear completely, this phenomenon is called "devernalization".

The effect of vernalization on winter buds

After effective vernalization, the effect of orchid plant will make the nearly mature spring seedling pseudobulb enter the final mature stage, and its vegetative growth accumulates energy. for example, the winter bud generally shows that the new root comes out and the new bud is fat when it is not unearthed. From the surface of the plant, in addition to the acceleration of flower bud growth, it is like entering the growth rest period. Due to the warm winter buds in the early spring, there is no standstill period after being unearthed, which makes the buds grow at the end of May and the beginning of June, and most of the second-generation buds are unearthed, and the third generation of autumn buds will be ushered in by proper management.

Conclusion:

For the obvious vernalization of orchids introduced to the south and north, in order to make the flowers bloom well, it is really necessary to try to give a certain vernalization period. The best choice is to cool the air conditioner. Some orchid friends put spring orchids and swords with buds in the refrigerator for vernalization, which may be due to improper operation and failure to achieve the desired results. In the northern winter heating area, the temperature of Lanyou's home is too high, some Lanyou moved the spring orchid with bud to the bathroom to close the door, so that the heating can not enter and achieve the imaginary vernalization effect, but also failed because it could not meet the vernalization standard.

Vernalization in the Yangtze River basin is the most ideal use of natural temperature, Lanyou need not worry about it every year, but to prevent excessive vernalization. The ideal vernalization will make the flower show its biological blueprint, the stalk of the flower is more stretched, the flower is more beautiful, and the overall feeling is more charming.