Fermentation method of broussonetia silage

The leaves can be used to feed pigs. In the past, they were only directly chopped and boiled, but they were not conducive to the digestion of pigs. Now they are mainly fermented and then used. What is the fermentation method of Broussonetia papyrifera silage?

I. fermentation method of Broussonetia papyrifera silage

1. Raw material formula for non-anti-fermentation feed: 50% of fermented leaves, 15% of corn, 4% of soybean meal, 1% of fish meal, 20% of rice bran meal, 6% of wheat bran, 1% of stone powder, 1% of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.25% of salt, 1% of premix, 0.5% of enzyme preparation.

The enzyme preparation is cellulase and its activity is ≥ 5000IU.

The mixture includes the following trace elements per kilogram of feed content: iron 100mg, copper 30mg, zinc 90mg, manganese 15mg, iodine 0.2mg, selenium 0.3mg. No antibiotics are added to the premix.

2. the preparation method of non-anti-fermentation feed:

The main results are as follows: (1) the feed raw materials such as Broussonetia papyrifera leaves, corn, soybean meal, fish meal, rice bran meal, wheat bran and stone meal are treated by a grinder with a sieve aperture of 1.5-3.0mm.

(2) calcium hydrogen phosphate, salt, premix and enzyme preparation are mixed according to the formula proportion to form the mixture.

(3) the crushed materials obtained from steps 1 and 2 are fully mixed with the mixture according to the proportion of the formula to serve as the basic fermentation substrate.

(4) the basic fermentation substrate obtained in step 3, the water content is controlled by 55-65%, the feed starter is added, and the mixture is stirred evenly.

(5) the fermented feed after inoculation was compacted in a fermentation feed bag, vacuumed and sealed, and cultured in the fermentation room for about 72 hours. the pH decreased to less than 4.4 and had a strong sour flavor, which was a qualified product.

The feed starter includes lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and yeast, and the addition amount of lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 0.5-1%. The non-fermentation feed products were added in 50% of the conventional black pig feed at different stages.

2. Main points of silage fermentation

1. Adequate carbon source and appropriate sugar content

In order to ensure the mass reproduction of lactic acid bacteria and form a sufficient amount of lactic acid, silage materials must contain the lowest required sugar content. It is generally required that the sugar content in the silage material should be at least 1% 1.5% of the fresh weight. Cornmeal, molasses or brown sugar are usually added.

2. Moderate moisture content

The silage raw material contains an appropriate amount of water, which is an important condition to ensure the role of feed fermentation technology. Too high or too low water content will affect the fermentation process of silage and the quality of silage. For example, if the moisture content is too low, it is difficult to step on and compaction during silage, there is more air in the cellar, and a large number of aerobic bacteria multiply, which makes the silage mildew and rot; too much water is easy to compact and agglomerate, which is conducive to the activity of butyric bacteria, at the same time, plant cell juice is squeezed and lost, resulting in nutrient loss.

3. Anaerobic environment

Anaerobic environment is one of the most basic links to ensure the success of silage. The residual air can be discharged by cutting the raw materials short, loading quickly, compacting (the more to the top layer, the more carefully and firmly), sealing the mouth tightly, and covering the plastic film with soil after sealing. As long as the above requirements are met, the residual oxygen in the equipment will be quickly exhausted, the nutrition consumed by aerobic respiration of plant cells will be greatly reduced, and the heat production in the fermentation stage will also decrease, so as to prevent excessive heat production from inhibiting the proliferation of lactic acid bacteria and promoting the proliferation of other microorganisms, which is conducive to the success of silage.

The fermentation method of Broussonetia papyrifera is relatively simple, but the method of raw material composition is not necessarily, and it can be proportioned according to the needs.