The central government's cumulative subsidy special fund of 2.6 billion yuan was hit by the subsidy policy.

-- A summary of the implementation of the policy of subsidies for the initial processing of agricultural products

"the potatoes that were grown so hard could not be sold for the time being, so they had to be put in a simple clay kiln. Because of the poor storage conditions, we sometimes have to watch potatoes sprout and rot. " More than one farmer has reported a similar situation. In fact, this is the realistic dilemma of the initial processing of agricultural products in our country.

In 2012, the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Finance launched the policy of subsidies for the initial processing of agricultural products in the producing areas of agricultural products. Through the way of "building first and then making up", the subsidy leveraged the vigorous investment of private capital and accelerated the upgrading of the level of technology and equipment for the initial processing of agricultural products in the pilot provinces and regions across the country. What is the effect of the policy over the past four years, and what are the experiences?

Reducing Postpartum loss and promoting quality improvement and efficiency of Agricultural products

For a long time, the initial processing links such as storage, fresh-keeping and drying of agricultural products in China are mainly completed by farmers, cooperatives and some micro-enterprises, with simple facilities and lack of technology, resulting in a rapid decline in the postpartum quality of agricultural products and a high loss rate.

From 2012 to 2014, the storage capacity of lemons in Anyue County, Ziyang City, Sichuan Province increased by about 60, 000 tons, and the decay rate decreased from 8% to 4%, directly increasing economic income by about 2 million yuan. It is estimated that the new facilities in Gansu Province will reduce the post-natal loss of potatoes and apples by 96000 tons every year, and the loss will be reduced by more than 150 million yuan in one storage link alone.

The new drying facility solves the problems of excessive residue, substandard hygiene and hidden danger of quality and safety in the traditional drying method, reduces environmental pollution, shortens the drying cycle, and improves product quality and sales price. The rate of first-grade dried apricots produced by hot air drying rooms in southern Xinjiang reached 50%, which is much higher than that of 30% of traditional natural drying. The price of dried apricots dried by hot air is more than twice that of traditional dried apricots, and the price of fresh apricots is increased by 1 / 2 yuan per kilogram. The quality of the newly built Chinese wolfberry drying room in Ningxia is significantly higher than that of the traditional drying method, the price is increased by 4 yuan per jin, and the net profit is increased by 3 yuan per jin.

According to preliminary estimates, after the subsidized standardized facilities were put into use, the post-natal loss rate of potatoes, fruits and vegetables decreased from more than 15 per cent to less than 6 per cent, equivalent to a cumulative increase of 660000 tons in four years.

Choosing an opportunity for sales in the wrong season to increase Farmers' Employment and income

"the new cellar will replace the soil cellar, potatoes will become golden beans, and the poor village will find a way to get rich." This is the farmers' evaluation of the new potato storage cellar in Zhangbei County. Before the subsidy program was implemented in 2011, the sales price of commercial potato in Zhangbei County has been between 0.3 and 0.4 yuan / jin. Due to the lack of qualified storage cellars, potatoes produced by farmers, except for leaving enough seeds and potatoes for their own use, should be sold out within half a month after harvest, otherwise they will face the risk of freezing. As a result, farmers have no say in the market and have to sell even if the price is very low. After the completion of the new potato storage facilities, the storage capacity of the whole county has increased greatly, and the potato sales period has been extended to seven months, so that farmers can no longer worry about the difficulty of selling and the bad price.

On the eve of the Spring Festival in 2014, farmers in Jingning County, Gansu Province, sold apples at a good price through cellar storage. Take 2013 as an example, the direct selling price of apples is 3 yuan / jin when they first come down, and the fresh-keeping stock will be sold to 6 yuan / jin in April next year.

In addition, Sichuan Province has realized the good benefits of 50% increase in fruit value, 60% increase in vegetable value, twice increase in potato income and 2 times increase in traditional Chinese medicine income through machine sales after storage. After the implementation of the subsidy policy last year, Pinghe County, Fujian Province, the "capital of China", extended the sales time of honey pomelo for three to four months, increased income by more than 3.7 million yuan through cold storage, led to the export of 90,000 tons of honey pomelo to the European Union, and earned more than 80 million yuan in foreign exchange.

According to statistics, as of 2015, the subsidy policy for the initial processing of agricultural products has accumulated 900 million yuan for farmers to reduce losses and increase income, 4.5 billion yuan for sales in the wrong season, and the ratio of central financial input to farmers' income has reached 1:3. And the actual service life of the facilities is more than 15 years.

Cultivate characteristic industries and extend the processing chain of agricultural products

"the subsidy policy has high accuracy and strong orientation, which has effectively solved the problems of large post-natal losses, outstanding hidden dangers in quality and safety, difficulties in selling and low prices of agricultural products in the implementation areas, and enhanced the market expectations of farmers and the enthusiasm for the development of characteristic planting industry." Zong Jinyao, director of the Agricultural products processing Bureau of the Ministry of Agriculture, said that the development of characteristic industries is an effective way to speed up the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure and change the mode of agricultural development. The greatest achievement in the implementation of the policy of subsidies for the initial processing of agricultural products in recent years is that various localities have strengthened the industrial chain, value chain and product chain through the construction of centralized primary processing facilities, and cultivated and developed a number of industries with distinctive advantages. promote the integrated development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries through leading industries. With regard to the funding arrangement of the initial processing subsidy policy for agricultural products, we should further focus on the key points, focus more on the local advantageous and characteristic industries, strengthen the construction of facilities and technology promotion, and speed up the formation of a characteristic industrial development pattern of "one village, one product, one township, one industry."

Apricot industry is a traditional industry in southern Xinjiang. in the past, due to the low market prices of fresh apricot and dried apricot, low enthusiasm of farmers in planting and production, neglect of management of resources such as apricot trees, and serious felling of apricot trees, the planting area of apricot decreased year by year. The industry is shrinking gradually. In the past two years, Xinjiang has taken the implementation of the policy of subsidy for the initial processing of agricultural products as a starting point, integrated nearly 500 million yuan in agriculture, poverty alleviation and forestry, and supported the construction of nearly 7000 apricot drying houses and cold storage in southern Xinjiang. it has better improved the current situation of backward drying and storage facilities of apricots in southern Xinjiang, and stabilized the development of apricot industry in southern Xinjiang.

Zong Jinyao stressed that the primary processing of agricultural products is not only a problem of drying and storage, but also involves the construction of the industrial chain of agricultural products, such as post-natal purification, grading, drying, pre-cooling, preservation, packaging, storage, and so on. To implement the subsidy policy for the initial processing of agricultural products, not only to build a cellar, a warehouse, a house, but through the construction of cellars, warehouses, houses, the whole industry chain to promote the development of primary processing of agricultural products.

Through the construction of potato storage facilities, Gansu Province has promoted the rapid development of potato processing enterprises. At present, 60 potato processing enterprises have been established, with a starch processing capacity of more than 800,000 tons, and the processed products have been extended from starch and other primary products to potato chips, potato chips, food, modified starch, additives and other highly processed products. further strengthen the potato industry chain.

Stabilize the market supply and perfect the marketing system

The centralized construction of facilities has promoted the development of the professional market and the construction of the market information service system, played a positive role in increasing supply and stabilizing the market, and effectively promoted the coordinated development of production, sales and sales.

Relying on the subsidy policy, Dingxi City, Gansu Province supports professional cooperatives to focus on building storage around the agricultural product sales market, forming a potato storage group with a stable source of products, providing a reliable guarantee for market supply. it has led to the rapid development of the market circulation system of agricultural products in the whole city, with professional wholesale markets as the main body and small and medium-sized markets and relevant farmers' markets as supplements. Relying on the major buyers and traffickers, the agricultural products trading wholesale and purchasing service network based on the acquisition network and the regional marketing system at the village, town and county levels. In the peak season of purchasing and selling of agricultural products, we should give full play to the trading function of wholesale distribution markets and provide quality services for the sale of agricultural products.

With the rapid development of Internet + and relying on the initial processing facilities to promote e-commerce, new business type's new model is showing off vigorously. Some farmers in Cangxi County, Sichuan Province, through the construction of kiwifruit cold storage, the use of the Internet to set up online stores for self-production and marketing, not only to solve the sales problem, the effect of increasing income is very obvious.