Can the plague be cured? Will domestic hamsters catch plague?

Recently, two cases of plague have been confirmed in Beijing, China. We may have some worries and doubts. Can plague be cured?. Will domestic hamsters catch plague?

Can the plague be cured?

Most of the plague patients can be cured. Under certain conditions, if human plague is transmitted to humans through plague rats or fleas, if it is not diagnosed and treated in time, the disease is serious in the later stage, and the case fatality rate of bubonic plague can reach 30% to 70%. Septicemia plague, pneumonic plague and other fatality rate is higher. If early diagnosis, timely use of effective antimicrobial treatment, and other rescue measures, the case fatality rate can be reduced to about 5%.

Second, will domestic hamsters be infected with plague?

Raising hamsters will not catch plague, plague must be infected with pathogens. Wild hamsters may carry disease-causing genes, but domestic hamsters, whether they eat, drink, or reproduce, are completed with human intervention and do not have the plague virus.

3. What are the routes of transmission of plague?

1. Rat flea bite transmission

Rat flea bites are the main route of transmission, which can transmit pathogens from animals to humans.

two。 Respiratory tract infection

The patient's respiratory secretions contain a large number of Yersinia pestis, which can form human-to-human transmission through respiratory droplets, and can cause a human plague pandemic.

3. Transmission through the skin

Infection can occur when healthy people's damaged skin and mucosa come into contact with the patient's purulent blood, sputum or the flesh and blood of diseased rodents.

Fourth, how to prevent plague?

(1) strictly control the source of infection

1. Timely treatment and isolation of patients

If you find a suspected or confirmed patient, you should immediately report the epidemic situation by emergency telephone and network, which shall not exceed 2 hours in cities and 6 hours in rural areas. At the same time, patients are closely isolated, visitors and patients are prohibited from communicating with each other. The patient's excreta should be thoroughly disinfected and the patient's death should be cremated or buried deeply. Patients with pneumonic plague should be strictly quarantined. Patients with various types of plague should be isolated, and patients with pneumonic plague should be in a separate room and should not live in the same room with other plague patients. Bubonic plague was isolated until the lymph node swelling completely dissipated and then observed for 7 days. Patients with pneumonic plague should be isolated until sputum culture was negative for 6 times. Those exposed to plague should be quarantined for 9 days, and for those who have received preventive vaccination, the quarantine period should be extended to 12 days.

two。 Eliminate the source of animal infection

To monitor the epidemic situation of plague among hamsters in natural foci, control plague among rats, and extensively carry out anti-rodent patriotic health campaign.

(2) cut off the route of transmission

1. Wipe out fleas

Patients and clothes should be sprayed with safe and effective pesticides to kill fleas, fleas must be killed thoroughly, and cats, dogs, livestock and so on should also be sprayed.

two。 Strengthen traffic and national mirror quarantine

Foreign vessels, vehicles and aircraft from epidemic foci shall be subject to strict frontier health and quarantine, disinfection of rodents and fleas, and quarantine of passengers.

(3) protect the susceptible

1. Protect contacts

During the epidemic, contact with rat fleas and sawteeth should be avoided. After contact with suspected or confirmed pneumonic plague patients, doxycycline should be used for prevention and observation for a period of time.

two。 Preventive vaccination

From the beginning of the epidemic among rats, the residents in and around the epidemic area and the staff entering the epidemic area should be vaccinated. The dry live vaccine of EV avirulent strain is commonly used and inoculated by skin scratch method, that is, 2 drops of bacteria solution, 3~4cm apart. Immunity can be obtained after 2 weeks. The current vaccine still does not provide long-term immune protection against bubonic plague and pneumonic plague, so it is generally vaccinated once a year and again 6 months later if necessary.

3. Personal protection of medical staff

Medical staff entering the epidemic area must be vaccinated and can not enter the epidemic area until 2 weeks later. When working, wear protective clothing, masks, hats, gloves, protective glasses, rubber shoes and so on.

4. When there is an epidemic, do not travel to the epidemic area, minimize activities in the epidemic area, and avoid contact with rodents. People who have been to the epidemic area should seek medical attention in time if they suddenly develop symptoms such as fever, chills, hemoptysis and swollen lymph nodes within 14 days, and truthfully inform the travel history of going to the epidemic area.

We can know that plague can be treated if it is treated in time, and hamsters raised at home are purchased through regular channels and will not be infected with plague.