The latest course of management techniques and methods of Ganoderma lucidum

Cultivation method of Ganoderma lucidum

1. Three-dimensional cultivation: in the mushroom shed, hit (cut) the opening of the small bacteria bag at both ends and arrange it along the wall, which can be 6-8 layers high; or set up a shelf layer in the shed, put the large size bacteria bag (or basin) single layer on the shelf layer, uncover the inoculation hole tape, and make Ganoderma lucidum grow upward. Ganoderma lucidum produced in this way is very popular in the market because of its natural and clean characteristics, but its output is slightly lower due to the limitation of base material moisture and other factors.

2. Soil-covered border cultivation: this method generally sets up a simple shed under the shade or a small and medium-sized arch shed on the general cultivated land as a cultivation place. There are also two methods for specific cultivation operations. One is to take off the plastic film of the bacterial bag and cover the soil. Although this method can make Ganoderma lucidum have the advantages of sufficient water, large sesame body and high yield, because of the high number of outdoor diseases and insects and the large number of microorganisms in the covered soil material, it is likely to cause harmful microorganisms to infect hyphae and be vulnerable to diseases and insect pests, and the sesame body is often not clean because of pollution of sediment and other sundries. The other is to cut off the bacterial bag from the middle, fill the gap with soil, and keep the upper bacterial bag about 1 cm. The mycelium in this way can accept the moisture of the soil layer in the border, and the sesame body is not in direct contact with the covered soil, so it has better production effect and high practical value.

The management after the birth of Zhi

1. Temperature management: the optimum temperature of the place (mushroom shed) is 2628 ℃. In case of special climate, it can accept low temperature of 20 ℃ and high temperature of 35 ℃ for a short time, but the unsustainable time is too long. For example, if the condition of 20 ℃ is maintained for 7 days, the hyphae will turn yellow, atrophy and fibrosis, and it will be difficult to produce Ganoderma lucidum. After barely budding, it will also grow poorly, resulting in thin, small Ganoderma lucidum, low commercial value and low yield. If it exceeds 30 ℃ or even reaches 35 ℃, the sesame body is thin, the cap is thin, and the fungus is aged prematurely. Therefore, various measures should be taken to regulate the temperature to an appropriate level and keep it relatively stable.

2. Water management: after the bacterial bag enters the shed and opens the mouth of the bag, the relative air humidity should reach and maintain a high humidity level of 95%, so as to promote its budding, and even maintain saturated air humidity for a short time, and when there is a finger protuberance, 95% humidity should be maintained. Note that the air humidity at this stage should be strictly maintained. If it is less than 80%, it is not easy to show buds, or the growth of buds is stagnant. In severe cases, it is impossible to show buds after mycelial fibrosis occurs. When the finger process gradually differentiates into the embryonic form of the bacterial cap, the humidity condition can be appropriately relaxed to 85%-95%, or occasionally saturated humidity, but the time should not exceed 4 hours. When the maximum cap is more than 3 cm, the edge yellow growth zone is clear and obvious, that is, in the middle stage of growth, the humidity can be 80% to 100%. For example, spraying water at least 3-5 times a day, the humidity reaches saturation within about 1 hour after spraying, and then gradually decreases. Generally, there is natural evaporation of water contained in the ground and walls in the mushroom shed, plus daily water spraying, the humidity will not decrease quickly. From 100% to 80%, it takes about 4-6 hours to repeat the above management over and over again, which can generally meet the needs of the growth of sesame. The times of spraying water during soil mulching cultivation can be reduced accordingly, depending on the humidity at that time and its maintenance condition.

3. Ventilation management: Ganoderma lucidum belongs to aerobic bacteria, and the oxygen demand is large during the budding process to the stage of cap differentiation, which requires that the corresponding ventilation strips should be maintained, and it is better for people to feel fresh air and no early odor after entering the shed. When the bacterial cap grows to more than 3 cm, ventilation should be properly controlled to appropriately increase the concentration of carbon dioxide in the greenhouse, so as to slightly reduce the lateral growth rate and turn to the development of thickness. However, increasing the content of carbon dioxide is not the main reason for thickening the cap, it is only an auxiliary measure, and the thickness of the cap mainly depends on the nutrition and moisture of the base material. The carbon dioxide concentration required for each growth stage is 0.3%-0.5% before cap differentiation, and 0.08%-0.1% thereafter, which is not allowed to exceed 0.1%, otherwise it will inhibit the growth of Ganoderma lucidum.

4. Light management: the light requirement of Ganoderma lucidum is scattered light, and its intensity increases with the increase of age. However, before budding, Ganoderma lucidum should be stimulated by strong light to promote its budding. When there is a finger process, the light should be kept at 100,200 lux, and when there are conditions, measures such as artificial lighting at night can be taken to promote the rapid differentiation of the bacterial cap, but when the cap is formed, the normal illumination should be kept at about 300 lux. Since then, with the increase of the age of Zhi, it should be regulated according to the situation. In light management, attention should be paid to the appropriateness of light, because when the light is strong, the color is deeper, the ejection spores are earlier and the quantity is large, while when the light is weak, the cap is relatively light, but the growth period is slightly longer, and the sesame body is slightly larger.

5. Intertidal management: if the temperature is suitable and there is plenty of time to go out again, the noodles can be cleaned up. Three-dimensional cultivation of bacteria bags, should be fully replenished water, generally can be soaked and other methods, conditional can use water replenishment device for operation, water supply requirements and high efficiency, water supply after the bacteria bag can be restored to the weight of the pre-Zhi. The soil-covered border cultivation method can cover the soil and water properly, then cover the film, stop spraying water, close the light to keep bacteria, about 7 days later, re-management, you can harvest Erchao Ganoderma lucidum.