The latest course of cultivation techniques and methods of Panax ginseng

Ginseng is a perennial herb, which likes cool and humid climate. it grows in coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest or mixed forest on mountain gentle slope or sloping land with small temperature difference between day and night. Because the root is enlarged, shaped like a spindle, often bifurcated, the whole picture is quite like a human head, hands, feet and limbs, so it is called ginseng. The ancient ginseng is called Rhizoma Polygonatum, Goblin and Divine Grass. Ginseng is known as the "king of all herbs". It is one of the famous "three treasures of Northeast China" (ginseng, mink and pilose antler). It is a famous and precious medicine both at home and abroad, old and young.

Plant characteristics

Ginseng plant 33-66 cm tall, stem simple, erect, cylindrical, smooth glabrous. The leaves are palmately compound, with long stalks, the basal leaves are the smallest, the leaflets are elliptic, the margin is serrulate, the surface is green, and there are sparse hairs along the leaf green. Umbels are born alone, with more than 40 florets, yellowish green. The lower end of the stem is often divided, and there is a rhizome at the top, commonly known as Reed head.

Growth characteristics

Ginseng likes cold, half-yin and half-yang growth, cold-resistant, avoid strong light. It is necessary to set up a shade when cultivating. The ginseng border is suitable for entering the sun before 8 am and 6 pm, and the ginseng leaves will scorch in the direct light at noon. It is suitable to grow in the temperature below 25 ℃. Forest humus soil is the most suitable for cutting ginseng, farmland soil with fully mature pig manure, compost and other cool fertilizers can also be planted. Require tussah, Tilia, stick and other broad-leaved woodland, the soil is neutral or weakly acidic. Planting ginseng in farmland, it is better to plant Gramineae and Leguminosae in the previous crop, such as corn, sorghum, millet, soybean, wheat and so on. The rhizome crop is not good for the previous crop. The land that has been planted with ginseng is not suitable to plant ginseng in a short time. Fear of stagnant water, avoid drought.

Ginseng seeds are sown as soon as they are collected, and they can only germinate after 20-21 months and 8-9 months. Because ginseng seeds have two processes of embryonic post-ripening and physiological post-ripening, certain temperature and humidity conditions are needed to complete this process. Under field conditions, the seeds are sown in 5 cm thick soil, and the soil moisture is about 35%. From sowing to the seed crack, the soil temperature is about 17-18 ℃. At this time, the change of soil temperature from high to low can be divided into three stages: the first stage is the visible dot from sowing to the seed embryo, and the average temperature is about 21 ℃; the second stage is from the visible dot to the point, and the average ground temperature is about 17.4 ℃. The third stage is that the endosperm accounts for 1 to 2 of the endosperm, when the endosperm continues to grow for one stage, and then passes through a low temperature of more than 3 months (about 5 ℃), and when the temperature rises to 11.8-15.2 ℃ in spring, the germination rate can reach more than 90% in 20 days.