The latest course of High-yield cultivation techniques of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi

Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is a perennial herb of Labiatae, which has the functions of antibacterial and anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, diuretic, detoxifying and cholagogic and so on. It is mainly produced in Hebei, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang and other provinces.

Scutellaria baicalensis is warm and resistant to severe cold, and the underground part can endure a low temperature of-30 ℃. It is resistant to drought and waterlogging, and it is easy to cause rotting roots when planted in areas with poor drainage or heavy rain. The cultivation techniques are introduced as follows:

Reproduction method

Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is mainly propagated by seeds, and can also be propagated by cuttings or roots.

1. Seed propagation: direct seeding is generally used. The seeds of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi are small and difficult to emerge, so the soil should be carefully prepared before sowing. When preparing the land, 2000 to 3000 kilograms of rotten stable manure per mu should be applied, and then deep ploughing and fine raking should be made to make the border, which requires the border surface to be fine and flat. Mountain slopes without irrigation conditions do not make beds. Spring sowing is generally from March to April, summer sowing is from June to July, and winter sowing is also available, but the spring sowing yield is the highest. Generally speaking, strip broadcasting is used. According to the row spacing of 25 cm 30 cm, open a shallow trench with a depth of 2 cm, sow the seeds evenly into the ditch, cover the soil about 1 cm thick, and gently suppress after sowing. The sowing rate is 0.5 kilograms per mu. Watering after sowing, and often keeping the topsoil moist, the seedlings can emerge in about 15 days, and the weak seedlings should be densely removed after emergence. When the seedlings are 6-7 cm high, the seedlings should be fixed according to the plant spacing of 12-15 cm, and the seedlings should be replanted with soil where there is a lack of seedlings.

2. Cutting propagation: the most suitable period for cutting is from May to June. Take the young semi-lignified part of the upper end of the stem branch (the middle and lower part of the stem has a very low survival rate of cuttings), cut it into 6cm long, remove the leaves of the lower 2 nodes, retain the upper leaves, and insert them into the arranged seedling bed according to the row spacing of 10 × 5 cm. Cut as soon as you cut, water after insertion, and set up a shed for shade, and often spray water to keep the soil moist. The survival rate of this method can reach more than 90%, and it can be transplanted 40 days after implantation.

3. Split-root propagation: some high-yield and high-quality rhizomes were selected as propagation materials during harvest. If you dig and harvest in winter, bury the rhizome in the shade indoors, and then plant the roots in the second spring; if you harvest in spring, you will dig and plant with you. The rhizome was divided into several plants, each with several bud eyes, and then planted in the field according to the row spacing of 30 × 20 cm. The survival rate of planting in hillside land is higher by this method.

Field management

Always keep the soil moist during the seedling period. Pay attention to drainage and waterlogging prevention in the rainy season. Pay attention to loosening the soil and weeding. When the first topdressing was carried out after setting seedlings, 500 kg of rare human feces and urine or 3-5 kg of urea were applied per mu, and 30 kg of ammonium phosphate was applied per mu when the second topdressing was carried out from June to July. In the second and third years, 40kg of rotten cake fertilizer per mu was applied after the plant turned green, and 30kg of ammonium phosphate was applied in the furrow before ridge closure in late June, and then covered with soil and watered.

Harvesting and processing

Harvested 2 ~ 3 years after planting. It is usually picked at the end of autumn or before sprouting in spring. When digging, dig deeply to prevent the root from being broken. After the root is dug up, shake off the soil, cut off the stems and leaves, bump off the outer skin when drying until semi-dry, and then dry or dry quickly. Avoid exposure in strong light, excessive exposure will make the color red; to prevent the rain from getting wet, the color will turn green or black after the rain, affecting the quality. The finished product is compact without holes and bright yellow inside. Generally, 3-4 kg fresh root can be processed into 1 kg dry product. The average yield of dry products per mu is 200,300 kilograms, and the high one can reach more than 380 kilograms.