The latest course on planting techniques and methods of licorice

Licorice grows mostly in arid and semi-arid sandy soil, desert edge and loess hilly areas, and is easy to breed in the fields and beaches of the Yellow River diversion irrigation area. It has strong adaptability and strong resistance. In China, licorice grows in the northwest, north and northeast of China. Licorice likes the ecological environment with sufficient light, less rainfall, hot summer, cold winter and large temperature difference between day and night, which has the characteristics of light, drought, heat, salt and cold tolerance. It is suitable to grow in sandy soil with deep soil layer, loose soil and good drainage.

Land selection and land preparation

1. Choose the place. Glycyrrhiza uralensis is a perennial herb with developed root system, deep soil, light tolerance, drought tolerance, salt tolerance and fear of stagnant water. it is suitable to grow in sandy land, grassland, riverbank, desert and semi-desert environment. Therefore, the cultivation of licorice should choose sandy loam with low groundwater level, good drainage, slightly alkaline soil, deep soil layer and convenient irrigation.

2. Fine soil preparation: the land planted with licorice had better be ploughed once in the autumn of the previous year, and the tillage depth was not less than 35cm. Before sowing in spring, combined with the application of farm manure, the soil preparation should be deeply ploughed once, and it should be arranged into a small plot of land of 2 Mu and 3 mu. Plots that are too large must be leveled before sowing.

Seed treatment

1. Seed selection. Select the seeds of Glycyrrhiza uralensis with plump, uniform, moth-free, purity of more than 90% and 1000-grain weight of about 10-12 grams.

2. Deal with it. Licorice seed hardness 92%-98%, seed coat smooth and dense, water difficult to penetrate, germination rate is very low, must be treated before sowing. The best method is to treat the seeds with concentrated sulfuric acid: put the seeds to be cleaned in an acid-resistant container, add 80% concentrated sulfuric acid 2500 to 3000 milliliters for every 100 kg of seeds, stir quickly for about 1 hour, stop the treatment when acid corrosion black spots appear on the seed coat, rinse all seeds with clean water many times, sow or dry immediately, and the germination rate can reach about 90%.

Sowing seeds

The suitable germination temperature of licorice seeds is 20: 25 ℃. Generally, licorice seeds can be sown from late April to early August, especially from late April to mid-May. Licorice sown after June has less material accumulation and poor overwintering ability. The seeding amount of licorice under strip sowing is 340kg / mu. Ensure that the seedlings of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch are above 30,000 plants / mu in the following year.

Sowing mode

1. Daejeon Live. Licorice generally has strip sowing, hole sowing, on-demand sowing, sowing and so on. The way to sow seeds should be determined according to the site type of the land. Flat terrain, large plot area, convenient for mechanical operation, using seeder strip sowing, uniform seedling emergence, easy to plough weeding and furrow fertilization, row spacing of 25 cm, depth 2.0-2.5 cm. Irrigate well before sowing, and after sowing, it is necessary to cover soil and rake in time to compact and preserve soil moisture. For plots with complex topography and large ups and downs, hole sowing and on-demand are suitable.

2. Seedling raising and transplanting

Seedlings were raised by ①. The nursery ground should be selected in a place with flat terrain and water sources. One cent of seedling land (67 kilograms) can be planted in one mu of land (667 hectares) and 1 kilogram of seed can be used. When the temperature is stable above 18 ℃, after fertilizing and fine raking on the selected land, open a shallow ditch with a depth of 2 cm according to the row spacing of 25 cm, evenly sow the seeds in the ditch, cover the soil with 1 cm, press down slightly, and the seedlings will emerge in about 6 days. The seedling grew for about 4 months, and the root length was 35 cm ~ 40 cm, which reached the transplanting standard.

② transplant. On the selected land, 2000 kg of organic fertilizer, 50 kg of calcium superphosphate, 20 kg of available nitrogen fertilizer and 10 kg of potash fertilizer were applied per mu. After fine raking, a ditch with a depth of 6 cm was opened according to the row spacing of 25 cm, and the stem branches above the Reed head of licorice seedlings were cut off. The lateral roots were removed, and the seedling roots were placed in the ditch in turn according to the plant spacing of 5 cm. Soil compaction and watering, about 40, 000 seedlings per mu were planted, and seedlings emerged in about 10 days, conventional management, growth and harvest in two years.