The latest Chinese herbal medicine cultivation techniques tutorial

Due to the lack of natural resources of traditional Chinese medicine, artificial cultivation of traditional Chinese medicine has become a trend. every grower, whether large or retail, should carefully grasp the planting characteristics, variety, water and fertilizer, meteorological geography, market forecast, employment and management. All kinds of domestic efforts should be made to improve the scientific farming level in order to achieve high efficiency in the cultivation of medicinal materials.

The choice of planting site

Soil conditions directly affect the quality and yield of medicinal materials. Most Chinese herbs are suitable to grow in the soil with deep soil layer, high fertility and neutral pH. Root and rhizome medicinal materials are suitable for planting in sandy soil. Deep cultivated land is required for those with deep roots such as Radix Astragali and licorice, but if the soil is not suitable, even deep ploughing will make the root system grow poorly and affect the quality of the commodity. Site selection should also pay attention to the content of heavy metal elements such as arsenic, mercury, lead and copper in the soil, and should not exceed the standard according to the standard of green vegetable production. Do not choose saline-alkali, low-lying, waterlogged land.

1. Avoid selecting high-yield farmland as far as possible, which is not only to reduce the land cost, but also to reduce the pollution of pesticides and other fields, which is not suitable for the cultivation of green medicinal materials.

2. If you do not plant woody medicinal materials, do not choose mountainous areas with large slopes. The state strictly forbids planting except trees on slopes above 25 degrees. Most Chinese herbal medicines can only grow well on the land below 15 degrees.

3. It is necessary to choose places without pollution or less pollution, such as raw wasteland and abandoned land that has not been cultivated for many years, to avoid the "three wastes" of industry and the main roads. The soil should be deep and well drained. Because most herbs like this kind of soil. Except for a few varieties, the land with too much stickiness and too much acid and alkali should not be selected.

4. In the transitional zone between plain and mountain area, this kind of land resources are more. For example, there are lots of wasteland in Fanchang area of Anhui Province, with hundreds of thousands of mu. The slope is very small, the soil layer is deep, the drainage is good, there is no farming for many years, and there is basically no pollution, so it is an ideal place to build a large-scale green Chinese medicine base.

5. Root and rhizome medicinal materials are suitable for planting in sandy loam or loam with deep and fertile soil, high topography and good drainage.

6. Flowers, grasses and leaves should be planted on moist land with fertile soil and convenient drainage and irrigation.

7. Fruits and seeds are suitable for planting in courtyards and hillsides.

Selection of planting soil

The soil with high fertility is the basis of stable and high yield, so through the construction of water conservancy, deep and fine cropping, rational fertilization and other measures, soil fertility can be continuously improved and the potential fertility can be transformed into effective fertility. Traditional Chinese medicine has a certain range of adaptation to the acidity and alkalinity of the soil, beyond the adaptation range, poor growth, or even death. Most Chinese herbs are suitable to grow in neutral and weakly alkaline soil. The acidity and alkalinity of the soil is not constant and can be changed gradually through appropriate measures.

1. Pure sandy soil, if there is no water, nothing is good. If there is a little water in the warm desert, it can still be developed, such as licorice in Xinjiang.

2. Sandy soil, sandy soil, beach, seasonal river bed, if you can grow crops, you can grow traditional Chinese medicine, mainly root medicinal materials, such as Platycodon grandiflorum, Fangfeng, Shegan, Rhizoma Anemarrhenae, Radix Scutellariae, Radix Astragali, Radix Isatidis and so on. Many varieties like sandy soil, which is conducive to root growth, more fertilization and high yield.

3, loess, general varieties, roots, flowers and leaves can be planted, the north is loess, water conservancy conditions are the best.

4. The black land in Northeast China is humus soil for many years. There are many varieties of Chinese herbal medicines in the wild, such as Platycodon grandiflorum, Radix Astragali, Guan Fangfeng, Bupleurum, Scutellaria baicalensis, Polygala, and so on.

5. Clay is not conducive to root growth, and it is better not to be planted in the root. The varieties of medicinal aboveground parts can be selected, such as perilla, dandelion, safflower, honeysuckle, wolfberry, patchouli, giant wheat, Di Ding and so on.

Tillage and land preparation

50% of the roots of traditional Chinese medicine are distributed in the plough layer of 5 cm and 30% in the soil layer of 20 cm and 50 cm. Deep ploughing has the effect of increasing production. But deep ploughing varies according to varieties. Deep roots such as Radix Astragali, licorice and Achyranthes bidentata should be ploughed more than 30 cm. Fritillaria, Rhizoma Anemarrhenae, Pinellia ternata and other shallow roots, ploughing depth of about 15 cm. Other varieties are about 20 cm deep.

Appropriate ploughing, under the premise of not delaying planting, it is best to whiten the soil, leveling and raking fine, so that the ground flat, soil Xuan, loose and solid.

Combined with soil preparation, disinfect the soil with lime or fungus detergent, use 50% phoxim EC 1.5 kg per hectare, mix fine sand or fine soil 375 kg ~ 450 kg, and apply medicine soil to control a variety of underground pests. It is necessary to apply sufficient base fertilizer and more rotten farm manure, compound fertilizer and bio-organic fertilizer to control weeds and prevent grass damage.